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Spectral Asymptotics of Neural Network Loss Landscapes: An Exact Decomposition of the Curvature Exponent

arXiv:2606.02596v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The curvature exponent $\alpha$ in $h_k \propto \sigma_k^\alpha$ -- governing how Hessian eigenvalues scale with gradient singular values -- varies systematically across layer types ($\alpha \approx 2$ for convolutions, $\approx 1$ for transformer attention, $< 1$ for MLP up-projections). We prove the Spectral Alignment Decomposition: $\alpha = 2 + d\log\Phi_k / d\log\sigma_k$, where $\Phi_k$ measures alignment between Kronecker factor...

arXiv CS 7d ago

The Unreasonable Redundancy of Nature's Protein Folds

The Unreasonable Redundancy of Nature's Protein Folds Over the last few years, deep neural networks have made generative language modeling dramatically more powerful, giving us large language models. A similar leap happened for continuous modalities like images and videos.

Hacker News 7d ago

Module Lattice Security (Part II): Module Lattice Reduction via Optimal Sign Selection

arXiv:2604.22900v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We extend the CDPR's quantum attack from ideal lattices to module lattices over $2^k$-th cyclotomic rings. Using trace orthogonality of the power basis, we decompose a rank-$d$ module into mutually orthogonal rank-$1$ submodules, and apply CDPR's analysis to each independently and return the shortest candidate. The Hermite factor $\exp(\tilde{O}(\sqrt{n}))$ matches the ideal case, with a module reduction factor $\alpha_d=O(1)$ independent...

arXiv CS 7d ago

Democracy on Rugged Landscapes: Phase Transitions in Optimal Voting Rules

arXiv:2606.02813v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Laws and institutions shape individual outcomes through complex interactions with citizens' diverse circumstances, yet how different voting methods navigate this coupled landscape remains poorly understood. We model collective governance as optimization on NK fitness landscapes, where shared bits (laws) are updated by voting while individual bits (personal traits) remain fixed. A cross-dependency parameter $\alpha$ controls how legislation's...

arXiv CS 7d ago

Democracy on Rugged Landscapes: Phase Transitions in Optimal Voting Rules

arXiv:2606.02813v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Laws and institutions shape individual outcomes through complex interactions with citizens' diverse circumstances, yet how different voting methods navigate this coupled landscape remains poorly understood. We model collective governance as optimization on NK fitness landscapes, where shared bits (laws) are updated by voting while individual bits (personal traits) remain fixed. A cross-dependency parameter $\alpha$ controls how legislation's...

arXiv Physics 7d ago

Col-Bandit: Query-Time Top-$K$ Estimation for Late-Interaction Retrieval

Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multi-vector late-interaction retrievers such as ColBERT achieve state-of-the-art quality, but their query-time cost is dominated by exhaustively computing token-level MaxSim interactions for every candidate document. The MaxSim scores of $N$ candidates against $T$ query tokens form an $N\times T$ matrix whose row-sums are the late-interaction scores, and identifying the top-$K$ rarely requires every entry. We introduce Col-Bandit, a query-time estimator of...

arXiv CS 7d ago

Quantifying Side-Channel Leakage in Public Metrology Releases

Announce Type: new Abstract: Public scientific and metrology releases can leak the hidden settings that produced them. We formalize and quantify this risk as a profiled statistical side-channel audit: a release map exposes finite-band statistics of a power spectral density (PSD), a profiled observer trains labeled template spectra under an explicit budget, and a challenge release is drawn from one of two utility-equivalent recipes separated by a protected coordinate. Averaged PSD bins follow...

arXiv CS 7d ago

Improved Lower Bounds for Proportionally Fair Clustering

Announce Type: new Abstract: We study proportionally fair clustering, where a set of $k$ centers must be chosen from a metric space to represent $n$ agents, and no sufficiently large group of agents should be collectively underrepresented. One of the central notions of fairness in this setting is the $\alpha$-core. The existence of clusterings in the $(1+\sqrt{2})$-core was established by Chen et al.

arXiv CS 2d ago

Whole-genome duplication shaped cell-type evolution in the vertebrate brain

Abstract The complex brains of vertebrates have more cell types than those of their closest relatives. Whole-genome duplications (WGDs) occurred during early vertebrate evolution1, but it is unclear whether the duplicated genes (ohnologues) facilitated cell-type evolution. Here using brain single-cell transcriptomes from five chordates—human2, mouse3, lizard4, lamprey5 and amphioxus—we report that many cell-type families with conserved core transcription factors in vertebrates do not show...

Nature 17h ago

Flicker-DDPM: Accelerating Denoising Diffusion via 1/f Colored Noise Injection

arXiv:2606.03393v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We propose a novel diffusion model, Flicker-DDPM, which incorporates flicker (1/f) noise inspired by self-organized criticality (SOC), a widely observed phenomenon in natural systems. Unlike denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs), which employ isotropic white noise in the forward process, Flicker-DDPM adopts colored noise with power-law spectra to better match the spectral statistics of natural images, whose power spectra typically...

arXiv CS 7d ago