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What Type of Inference is Active Inference?

Announce Type: new Abstract: Active inference casts decision-making as inference, with the Expected Free Energy (EFE) unifying goal-directed and information-seeking behavior. Recent work showed that EFE minimization can be written as Variational Free Energy (VFE) minimization on a generative model augmented with epistemic priors. We prove that the VFE of the augmented model can be rewritten as the VFE of the predictive model plus explicit entropy-correction terms, making the EFE contribution...

arXiv CS 6d ago

BRAIN: Bayesian Reasoning via Active Inference for Agentic and Embodied Intelligence in Mobile Networks

arXiv:2602.14033v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Future sixth-generation (6G) mobile networks will demand artificial intelligence (AI) agents that are not only autonomous and efficient, but also capable of real-time adaptation in dynamic environments and transparent in their decisionmaking. However, prevailing agentic AI approaches in networking, exhibit significant shortcomings in this regard.

arXiv CS 1d ago

Latent Activation Editing: Inference-Time Refinement of Learned Policies for Safer Multirobot Navigation

arXiv:2509.20623v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reinforcement learning has enabled significant progress in complex domains such as coordinating and navigating multiple quadrotors. However, even well-trained policies remain vulnerable to collisions in obstacle-rich environments. Addressing these infrequent but critical safety failures through retraining or fine-tuning is costly and risks degrading previously learned skills.

arXiv CS 7d ago

Activation Steering Induces Emergent Misalignment: A More Comprehensive Evaluation

arXiv:2606.08682v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Activation steering has emerged as a popular inference-time technique for modulating the behavior of large language models (LLMs). By constructing a steering vector from examples of a target behavior and injecting it into intermediate activations during inference, activation steering enables flexible behavioral control while avoiding the permanent parameter updates required by finetuning. Meanwhile, recent work has identified emergent...

arXiv CS 1d ago

Mesoscopic cortical activities associated with pupil-linked perceptions inferred via explainable machine learning

Pupil dilation reflects arousal-related neural processes and is closely linked to sensory perception, attention, and cognitive state, but the mesoscopic cortical dynamics that accompany stimulus-evoked dilation remain unclear. Here, we combined simultaneous pupillometry and wide-field Ca2+imaging in mice with explainable machine learning to identify cortical activity patterns predictive of pupil dilation. Cortical activity was recorded during hindpaw somatosensory stimulation, visual pattern...

bioRxiv 9d ago

Measuring Maximum Activations in Open Large Language Models

arXiv:2605.15572v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The dynamic range of activations is a first-order constraint for low-bit quantization, activation scaling, and stable LLM inference. Prior work characterized outlier features and massive activations on pre-2024 LLaMA-style models, and the downstream activation-quantization stack inherits that picture without revisiting it for the post-LLaMA open-model boom. We ask the deployment-oriented question: how large can activations get in modern...

arXiv CS 7d ago

Beyond Linear Activation Steering: Invertible Latent Transformations for Controlling LLM Behavior

Announce Type: new Abstract: Activation steering provides a lightweight inference-time mechanism for controlling large language models (LLMs) by modifying their internal activation vectors toward desired behaviors. Most existing methods compute a fixed steering direction in the original activation space, typically from pairs of contrastive examples using mean differences, linear probes, or arbitrary separability criteria. While effective to a certain extent, these methods treat behavioral...

arXiv CS 1d ago

Physiologically Constrained Musculoskeletal Neural Network for Multi-DoF Joint Kinematics Estimation from Partially Observed sEMG

arXiv:2606.07476v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: This paper investigates multi-degrees of freedom (DoF) joint kinematics estimation under partially observed surface electromyography (sEMG), where only a subset of task-relevant muscles can be measured due to anatomical inaccessibility or sensor constraints. A novel musculoskeletal neural network (MSK-NN) is proposed to estimate multi-DoF joint angles while simultaneously inferring activations for both measured and unmeasured muscles. MSK-NN...

arXiv CS 2d ago

Quantitative Promise Theory: Intentionality and Inference in Autonomous Agents

Announce Type: cross Abstract: I discuss some quantitative representations of Promise Theory for processes involving autonomous agents. Agent models are common in software systems, machine learning, and biology, for example, but may also apply to physics and other forms of engineering. I describe how Bayesian probability and information theoretic optimization, including Active Inference, may be incorporated with promise semantics -- as well as how Promise Theory supplements solutions,...

arXiv Physics 1d ago

Quantitative Promise Theory: Intentionality and Inference in Autonomous Agents

Announce Type: new Abstract: I discuss some quantitative representations of Promise Theory for processes involving autonomous agents. Agent models are common in software systems, machine learning, and biology, for example, but may also apply to physics and other forms of engineering. I describe how Bayesian probability and information theoretic optimization, including Active Inference, may be incorporated with promise semantics -- as well as how Promise Theory supplements solutions, helping...

arXiv CS 1d ago