Adaptive Conditional Forest Sampling
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Adaptive Conditional Forest Sampling for Spectral Risk Optimisation under Decision-Dependent Uncertainty
arXiv:2603.12507v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Minimising a spectral risk objective, defined as a weighted combination of expected cost and Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR), is challenging when the uncertainty distribution is decision-dependent, making both surrogate modelling and simulation-based ranking sensitive to tail estimation error. We propose Adaptive Conditional Forest Sampling (ACFS), a four-phase simulation-optimisation framework that integrates Generalised Random Forests...
Medieval pandemic left a hidden legacy in Europe's oldest trees
Medieval pandemic left a hidden legacy in Europe's oldest trees Lisa Lock Scientific Editor Andrew Zinin Lead Editor A new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences demonstrates how radiocarbon dating can reveal the maximum lifespan of Mediterranean hardwoods, uncovering hidden links between human history and long-term ecosystem dynamics. By analyzing mature and ancient oak trees across Italy, researchers found that a millennium of age is attainable from the...
Amazon rainforest emits new stress-defense molecules during El Niño drought
Amazon rainforest emits new stress-defense molecules during El Niño drought Gaby Clark Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor The Amazon rainforest responded to the most severe drought ever recorded in the basin with an unexpected defense mechanism. Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in Mainz, Germany, found that during and after the intense 2023–2024 El Niño cycle, the most intense drought ever recorded in the region, vegetation significantly changed its chemical...
A prognostic human brain network for diffuse midline glioma
Abstract Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) are near-universally lethal tumours of the childhood central nervous system1,2. In animal models, DMGs form brain-wide integrated networks through neuron-to-glioma synapses3,4,5,6 and glioma-to-glioma gap junctional coupling3. This extensive connectivity robustly promotes the growth and invasion of DMG3,4,5,6,7,8,9 and other glial malignancies10,11,12 through paracrine mechanisms and direct neuron-to-glioma synapses.
Anomaly Detection for Electro-Hydrostatic Actuators using LSTM Autoencoder
Announce Type: new Abstract: Electro-Hydrostatic Actuators (EHAs) are widely used in aerospace and industrial systems, where timely detection of sensor anomalies is essential to ensure safe and reliable operation. However, the large volume and high sampling frequency of EHA sensor data pose challenges for accurate and efficient anomaly detection. Conventional statistical and classical machine-learning methods such as Z-score, Interquartile Range (IQR), Median Absolute Deviation (MAD),...
Whole-genome duplication shaped cell-type evolution in the vertebrate brain
Abstract The complex brains of vertebrates have more cell types than those of their closest relatives. Whole-genome duplications (WGDs) occurred during early vertebrate evolution1, but it is unclear whether the duplicated genes (ohnologues) facilitated cell-type evolution. Here using brain single-cell transcriptomes from five chordates—human2, mouse3, lizard4, lamprey5 and amphioxus—we report that many cell-type families with conserved core transcription factors in vertebrates do not show...