Autosomes
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Related Articles from SNS
Aberrant chromatin remodeling influences human neural cell fate change in Trisomy 21
Correct neural progenitor cell (NPC) fate specification is essential to produce the full complement of neurons and glia needed for proper brain structure and function. Neurodevelopmental disorders, including the autosomal aneuploidy Down syndrome (DS), or Trisomy 21 (T21), are frequently associated with impaired cell fate decisions which ultimately drive differences in overall brain size and cell type composition through unknown mechanisms. To uncover mechanisms driving altered NPC fate in...
Collecting Duct-Targeted Lipid Nanoparticles Deliver Pkd2 mRNA to Restore Polycystin-2 and Attenuate ADPKD
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), a leading genetic cause of kidney failure, is caused by mutations in the PKD1 or PKD2 genes, resulting in functional polycystin 1 (PC1) or polycystin 2 (PC2) deficiency, and is characterized by progressive cyst expansion in the kidneys. However, no approved therapy directly restores polycystin expression, and current treatments target downstream pathways rather than the genetic defect. Gene replacement therapy offers a direct route to...
The Y chromosome is home to surprising jumping genes
The Y chromosome is home to surprising jumping genes Stephanie Baum Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor The humble Y chromosome may be the smallest chromosome in the mammalian genome (and getting even smaller), but it is mighty: Genes on the Y chromosome are critical for fertility in males. In a new study in the journal Current Biology, researchers at the University of Michigan Medical School have studied deer mice to outline how the Y chromosome defends itself against decay by...
Recombination and repetitive genomic landscapes are decoupled in a close relative of Caenorhabditis elegans
Genomes often exhibit heterogeneity across chromosomes, and distributions of protein-coding genes, repetitive elements, and polymorphisms are not uniform along chromosomes in multiple species. One explanation for these patterns is recombination rate variation. As recombination interacts with selection to shape the evolutionary fates of alleles, variation in recombination rate within and between chromosomes could promote differences in the distribution of genomic features across chromosomes.
Digital Chromosome Banding Reveals Distinct Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Sexual Dimorphism in Meiotic Silencing
In mammals, meiotic silencing of unsynapsed chromatin (MSUC) is initiated by the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway, as marked by {gamma}H2AX. During normal male meiosis, MSUC is restricted to the unsynapsed sex chromosomes, a process known as meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI). While the initiation of MSCI has been well studied, its full silencing dynamics and underlying structural mechanisms remain unclear.