Earth Observation Foundation Models
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Related Articles from SNS
Tessera AI model offers accessible way to view Earth
Tessera AI model offers accessible way to view Earth Lisa Lock Scientific Editor Andrew Zinin Lead Editor A foundation model trained on Earth observation data from Copernicus Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 has been made widely available to researchers, it was announced at a computer industry conference this week in Denver, U.S. Tessera, an advanced artificial intelligence (AI) model, offers high-accuracy datasets that encode what the satellite "sees" of Earth's surface during the course of a...
Spatial Representation Learning Beyond Pixels: Unifying Raster Data and Vector Semantics for Human-Centric Geospatial Foundation Models
Announce Type: new Abstract: Earth Observation (EO) has fundamentally transformed the monitoring of environmental processes and human activities up to planetary scale. Recent advances in self-supervised learning have given rise to Earth Observation Foundation Models (EOFMs), which leverage petabyte-scale unlabeled EO data to learn transferable representations across a wide range of downstream geospatial tasks. Despite these advances, current EOFMs remain largely confined to raster...
Cryo-Bench: Benchmarking Foundation Models for Cryosphere Applications
arXiv:2603.01576v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Geo-Foundation Models (GFMs) have been evaluated across diverse Earth observation task including multiple domains and have demonstrated strong potential of producing reliable maps even with sparse labels. However, benchmarking GFMs for Cryosphere applications has remained limited, primarily due to the lack of suitable evaluation datasets. To address this gap, we introduce \textbf{Cryo-Bench}, a benchmark compiled to evaluate GFM performance...
Geospatial Foundation Models to Enable Progress on Sustainable Development Goals
Announce Type: replace Abstract: Foundation Models (FMs) are large-scale, pre-trained artificial intelligence (AI) systems that have revolutionized natural language processing and computer vision, and are now advancing geospatial analysis and Earth Observation (EO). They promise improved generalization across tasks, scalability, and efficient adaptation with minimal labeled data. However, despite the rapid proliferation of geospatial FMs, their real-world utility and alignment with global...
Clustering Guided Domain-Specific Pretrained Foundation Model Very High-Resolution Arctic Remote Sensing
new Abstract: This study introduces a novel Arctic-focused remote sensing foundation model (RSFM) by combining diversity-aware regional-scale image curation with masked autoencoder (MAE) self-supervised pretraining of a Vision Transformer (ViT) encoder for very-high-spatial-resolution (VHSR) satellite image analysis. Spectral and acquisition-metadata descriptors were used in a scalable affinity-propagation clustering workflow to select approximately 3 million chips from 267 TB of Vantor VHSR...
Clustering Guided Domain-Specific Pretrained Foundation Model for Very High-Resolution Arctic Remote Sensing
arXiv:2605.30467v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This study introduces a novel Arctic-focused remote sensing foundation model (RSFM) by combining diversity-aware regional-scale image curation with masked autoencoder (MAE) self-supervised pretraining of a Vision Transformer (ViT) encoder for very-high-spatial-resolution (VHSR) satellite image analysis. Spectral and acquisition-metadata descriptors were used in a scalable affinity-propagation clustering workflow to select approximately 3...
Who Needs Labels? Adapting Vision Foundation Models With the Metadata You Already Have
arXiv:2606.05107v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We propose a label-free approach to adapt powerful but generic vision foundation models to specialized scientific domains. Standard supervised fine-tuning is often ill-suited to these settings: labels are scarce, and task-specific training can collapse the model's generality and hurt robustness. We instead leverage metadata to adapt representations to new domains in a self-supervised manner.
Agentic AI for Remote Sensing: Technical Challenges and Research Directions
arXiv:2604.24919v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Earth Observation (EO) is moving beyond static prediction toward multi-step analytical workflows that require coordinated reasoning over data, tools, and geospatial state. While foundation models and vision-language models have advanced representation learning and language-grounded interaction in remote sensing, and agentic AI has shown strong potential for long-horizon reasoning and tool use, EO is not a straightforward extension of...
Dynamic Distributed Constraint Optimization and Metareasoning for Continual, Large-Scale Satellite Operations
Announce Type: replace Abstract: As Earth-observing satellite constellations grow in size and capability, distributed onboard control offers a pathway to novel responses and time-sensitive measurements. However, deploying autonomy to satellites requires efficient computation and communication. This work addresses the challenge of scheduling observations for hundreds of satellites in a dynamic, large-scale problem with millions of variables.
Probabilistic Data-Driven Modelling of Astrophysical Transients: The Neural Process Family for Ultrafast and Class-Agnostic Light Curve Reconstruction with NightLANP
Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Astrophysical observations from Earth are subject to weather, environmental, and scientific constraints that lead to sparse, irregular light curves. On the eve of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time, its dataset offers unprecedented opportunities for transient science. Yet a key challenge remains its cadence, sparse and irregular across six bands, limiting inference.