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Echo-DM: Ultrasound Marker Removal via Conditional Latent Diffusion and Region-Aware Fusion

arXiv:2606.09378v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Clinical ultrasound images often contain artificial markers, such as measurement calipers and text, to assist diagnostic interpretation and comparison. However, these markers can introduce shortcut bias in downstream automated analysis, encouraging deep learning models to rely on marker-related cues rather than clinically meaningful anatomy. Existing marker removal methods are either mask-dependent and vulnerable to error propagation, or...

arXiv CS 1d ago

Cohort-HMM marker recruitment with per-OG orthology QC for phylogenomic supermatrices

OrthoFinder's all-vs-all DIAMOND step systematically misses single-copy orthogroups (SC OGs) at deep taxonomic divergence: a marker recovered cleanly within a tightly defined cohort is dropped when the same marker is searched against phylum-broad metagenome-assembled genome (MAG) sets, because pairwise sequence similarity falls below DIAMOND's detection threshold even when the underlying ortholog is present. The result is biased dropout - supermatrices that retain genomes near the cohort but...

bioRxiv 10d ago

From definition to discovery: metabolite markers of high temperature in green grape berries

Understanding how plants respond to high temperature is critical under global warming. Metabolite markers can provide insights into stress-responsive mechanisms and help guide strategies to maintain crop quality. However, heat-associated metabolite markers in grape berries remain poorly defined, particularly at the green stage, a critical phase of berry development during which early metabolic perturbations can influence subsequent ripening and ultimately determine berry composition and quality.

bioRxiv 4d ago

Unveiling the Potential of iMarkers: Invisible Fiducial Markers for Advanced Robotics

Announce Type: cross Abstract: Fiducial markers are widely used in robotics for navigation, object recognition, and scene understanding. While offering significant advantages for robots and Augmented Reality (AR) applications, they often disrupt the visual aesthetics of environments, as they are visible to humans, making them unsuitable for many everyday use cases. To address this gap, this paper presents iMarkers, innovative, unobtrusive fiducial markers detectable exclusively by robots and...

arXiv CS 1d ago

Transcriptomic, Specific Marker, and Pathway Analysis of Smooth Muscle Cell Foam Cells Compared to Macrophage Foam Cells in Human Atherosclerosis

BACKGROUND: Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) comprise the majority of cells in human atherosclerotic lesions and are thought to be a major source of cholesterol-overloaded foam cells in human and mouse atheromas. However, the transcriptomic profile, specific markers, and biologic itinerary of SMC foam cells relative to macrophage foam cells remain poorly defined. METHODS: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed on fresh coronary artery segments from heart transplant recipients with...

bioRxiv 11d ago

Ammonia levels in urine could serve as marker for chronic kidney disease in dogs

Dogs with lower urine ammonia-to-creatinine ratios (UACR) may suffer from faster progression of kidney disease and higher fatality rates, according to new research from North Carolina State University. The work suggests that UACR levels may be a useful marker for identifying dogs that may benefit from certain kidney disease therapies.

Phys.org 12d ago

Doctor reveals 4 health markers that may predict heart attack and stroke risk

For decades, LDL cholesterol has been one of the most talked-about numbers in heart health. Often called the "bad cholesterol," elevated LDL levels have been linked to the buildup of fatty plaques inside arteries, a process known as atherosclerosis. Over time, these plaques can narrow or block blood vessels supplying the heart and brain, increasing the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

Times of India 7d ago

'We can identify these really early, before the clinical diagnosis': Epigenetic markers may help explain why Native Hawaiians are aging faster

Native Hawaiians have a higher prevalence, earlier age of onset and higher rate of mortality from type 2 diabetes compared to all other populations in the state of Hawaii.

Live Science 17d ago

Quantifying the Localization of Histological Staining Markers within the GI Epithelial Unit Axis: A Gastrointestinal Spatial Pathology Plugin for ImageJ

Histological analysis is crucial for understanding gastrointestinal (GI) tract homeostasis and disease pathophysiology. Various histological stains are commonly used in research settings for assessing development, disease pathogenesis, and therapeutic impacts. Specifically in the ordered architecture of the GI epithelium, current semi-quantitative analysis of histological staining relies heavily on manual scoring rubrics and often lacks robust spatial assessment.

bioRxiv 9d ago