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Complementary Time-Space Tradeoff for Self-Stabilizing Leader Election: Polynomial States Meet Sublinear Time

arXiv:2505.23649v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We study the self-stabilizing leader election (SS-LE) problem in the population protocol model, assuming exact knowledge of the population size $n$. Burman, Chen, Chen, Doty, Nowak, Severson, and Xu [BCC+21a] (PODC) showed that this problem can be solved in $O(n)$ expected time with $O(n)$ states. Recently, G\k{a}sieniec, Grodzicki, and Stachowiak [GGS25] (PODC) proved that $n+O(\log n)$ states suffice to achieve $O(n \log n)$ time both in...

arXiv CS 8d ago

Incremental BPE Tokenization

arXiv:2605.30813v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We propose a novel algorithm for incremental Byte Pair Encoding (BPE) tokenization. The algorithm processes each input byte in worst-case $\mathcal{O}(\log^2 t)$ time, leading to an overall complexity of $\mathcal{O}(n \log^2 t)$, where $n$ is the input length and $t$ is the maximum token length. The algorithm incrementally maintains BPE tokenization results for every prefix of the input text, implementing the standard BPE merge procedure...

arXiv CS 9d ago

Infinite sequences with optimal diaphony, periodic $L_2$-discrepancy, and beyond

arXiv:2606.05482v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We investigate the periodic $L_2$-discrepancy of infinite sequences $\S_d$ in $[0,1)^d$ and its analytic counterpart, the diaphony. We prove that infinite order-2 digital sequences over $\mathbb{F}_2$ attain the optimal order $L_{2,N}^{{\rm per}}(\S_d) \le C_d (\log N)^{d/2}/N$ for all $N \in \mathbb{N}\setminus \{1\}$, matching known lower bounds for infinitely many $N \in \mathbb{N}$.

arXiv CS 5d ago

On the Duke--Erd\H{o}s--R\"odl Problem at the One-Third Threshold

Announce Type: cross Abstract: Let $G$ be an $n$-vertex graph with $e(G)\ge n^2/ k$. We prove a self-contained internal short-cycle core theorem at the threshold $k\le n^{1/3}$: the graph $G$ contains a subgraph $H_6$ with $\Omega(n^2/ k^3)$ edges in which every two distinct edges lie together on a cycle of length at most $6$ contained in $H_6$, and a subgraph $H_8$ with $\Omega(n^2/k^2)$ edges in which every two distinct edges lie together on a cycle of length at most $8$ contained in...

arXiv CS 2d ago

Empirical Approximation of $L_p$ Norms

arXiv:2606.00347v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We study empirical $L_p$ moments of a random vector $\pmb\varphi$ based on its i.i.d.\ copies $\pmb\varphi^1,\ldots,\pmb\varphi^m$, that is, $\frac1m\sum_{j=1}^m |\langle \pmb\varphi^j,y\rangle|^p$. Our main result is a new estimate for the expected uniform deviation \[ \mathbb{E}\sup_{y\in D}\biggl| \frac1m\sum_{j=1}^m |\langle \pmb\varphi^j,y\rangle|^p -\mathbb{E}|\langle \pmb\varphi,y\rangle|^p \biggr| \] over an arbitrary index set $D$....

arXiv CS 8d ago

Speeding Up the NSGA-II via Dynamic Population Sizes

Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) are among the most widely and successfully applied optimizers for multi-objective problems. However, to store many optimal trade-offs (the Pareto optima) simultaneously, MOEAs are typically run with a large population of solution candidates. This slows down the algorithm and renders the choice of the population size a crucial design decision.

arXiv CS 7d ago

Speeding Up the NSGA-II via Dynamic Population Sizes

arXiv:2509.01739v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) are among the most widely and successfully applied optimizers for multi-objective problems. However, to store many optimal trade-offs (the Pareto optima) simultaneously, MOEAs are typically run with a large population of solution candidates. This slows down the algorithm and renders the choice of the population size a crucial design decision.

arXiv CS 1d ago

ETH-Tight Complexity of Optimal Morse Matching on Bounded-Treewidth Complexes

arXiv:2603.05406v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The Optimal Morse Matching (OMM) problem asks for a discrete gradient vector field on a simplicial complex that minimizes the number of critical simplices. It is NP-hard and has been studied extensively in heuristic, approximation, and parameterized complexity settings. Parameterized by treewidth $k$, OMM has long been known to be solvable on triangulations of $3$-manifolds in $2^{O(k^2)} n^{O(1)}$ time and in FPT time for triangulations of...

arXiv CS 7d ago

On Sketching Trimmed Statistics

Announce Type: replace Abstract: We study sketching trimmed statistics of a frequency vector, including the $F_p$ moment of the top-$k$ coordinates and of the trimmed-$k$ vector. Despite their natural role in robust analytics, this is the first time these problems have been studied in any sublinear space setting. For $p \in [0,2]$, we obtain $poly(\log n/\varepsilon)$-space algorithms for both tasks when $k$ is moderately large, and for general $k$ we identify a sharp structural threshold...

arXiv CS 8d ago

Discrete Incremental Voting: New Bounds for General Graphs and Expanders

arXiv:2606.06381v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We analyze the discrete incremental voting process (DIV) introduced by Cooper, Radzik, and Shiraga [OPODIS '23]. In this process, we consider a set $V$ of $n$ nodes connected in an undirected graph $G = (V, E)$ where each node has an integer opinion. In one step a randomly selected node interacts with its randomly selected neighbor and changes its opinion by $1$ in the direction of the neighbour's opinion.

arXiv CS 5d ago