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SEA-NLI: Natural Language Inference as a Lens into Southeast Asian Cultural Understanding
arXiv:2606.03284v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Frontier LLMs perform well in Western contexts, but remain poorly tested on underrepresented cultures such as those in Southeast Asia (SEA). Existing NLI benchmarks are largely Western-centric, translation-derived, or monolingual, limiting their ability to measure culturally grounded reasoning. We introduce SEA-NLI, a native, culturally grounded NLI benchmark covering eight SEA countries in English and native regional languages, verified by...
From Script to Semantics: Prompting Strategies for African NLI
arXiv:2606.03304v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly evaluated in multilingual settings, yet their inference behavior in low-resource African languages remains underexplored especially under pure prompting without fine-tuning. We present a systematic study of prompting strategies for Natural Language Inference (NLI) in Swahili, Yoruba, and Hausa using the AfriXNLI benchmark. We evaluate five prompting strategies Baseline (zero-shot), Script-Aware,...
Sample-Size Scaling of the African Languages NLI Evaluation
arXiv:2606.03219v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: African languages have very little labelled data, and it is unclear if augmenting the quantity of annotation data reliably enhances downstream performance. The study is a systematic sample-size scaling study of natural language inference (NLI) on 16 African languages based on the AfriXNLI benchmark. Under controlled conditions, two multilingual transformer models with roughly 0.6B parameters XLM-R Large fine-tuned on XNLI and AfroXLM-R Large...
Fixing FOLIO and MALLS: Verified Annotations and an LLM-assisted Framework to Focus Human Relabeling
arXiv:2606.02837v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurate translation from Natural Language to First-Order Logic (NL-to-FOL) underpins neurosymbolic AI systems and Natural Language Inference (NLI), making the quality of NL-to-FOL benchmarks essential -- yet these datasets have never been rigorously audited. Our first contribution is to present a systematic human inspection of the validation split of \textsf{FOLIO} and a subset of \textsf{MALLS} test instances, finding that approximately 39%...
SHALA-LLM: Smartly Handling Ambiguous Labels in Aligning LLMs
arXiv:2606.05376v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Many human-centered tasks, including natural language inference (NLI) and emotion recognition (ER), have multiple plausible interpretations, leading to label ambiguity and challenging disagreements across human annotators. As LLMs are increasingly deployed in real-world settings, faithfully modeling such ambiguity is essential to identify contested inputs, preserve variability in ambiguous cases, and capture the full distribution of human...
Linear Probes Detect Task Format, Not Reasoning Mode in Language Model Hidden States
arXiv:2606.02907v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Linear probing of large language model (LLM) hidden states is widely used to claim that models learn distinct representations for different reasoning types. We test this by probing Qwen3-14B on three benchmarks spanning the classical trichotomy: LogiQA 2.0 (deductive), ARC-Challenge (inductive), and $\alpha$NLI (abductive). At layer 32 of 40, linear probes achieve 100\% cross-validated accuracy with well-separated geometry (intrinsic...
Linear Probes Detect Task Format, Not Reasoning Mode in Language Model Hidden States
Announce Type: replace Abstract: Linear probing of large language model (LLM) hidden states is widely used to claim that models learn distinct representations for different reasoning types. We test this by probing Qwen3-14B on three benchmarks spanning the classical trichotomy: LogiQA 2.0 (deductive), ARC-Challenge (inductive), and $\alpha$NLI (abductive). At layer 32 of 40, linear probes achieve 100\% cross-validated accuracy with well-separated geometry (intrinsic dimensionalities: 20.6,...
Multi-Granularity Reasoning for Natural Language Inference
arXiv:2606.05181v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Natural Language Inference (NLI) is a fundamental task in natural language understanding that requires determining the logical relationship between a premise and a hypothesis. Despite the remarkable success of transformer-based pre-trained models, most existing approaches primarily rely on the final-layer token representations, which are often insufficient for capturing the complex and hierarchical semantic interactions required for effective...
Prompt-Level Distillation: A Non-Parametric Alternative to Model Fine-Tuning for Efficient Reasoning
arXiv:2602.21103v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Advanced reasoning typically requires Chain-of-Thought prompting, which is accurate but incurs prohibitive latency and substantial test-time inference costs. The standard alternative, fine-tuning smaller models, often sacrifices interpretability while introducing significant resource and operational overhead. To address these limitations, we introduce Prompt-Level Distillation (PLD).
MIPIC: Matryoshka Representation Learning via Self-Distilled Intra-Relational and Progressive Information Chaining
arXiv:2604.24374v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Representation learning is fundamental to NLP, but building embeddings that work well at different computational budgets is challenging. Matryoshka Representation Learning (MRL) offers a flexible inference paradigm through nested embeddings; however, learning such structures requires explicit coordination of how information is arranged across embedding dimensionality and model depth. In this work, we propose MIPIC (Matryoshka Representation...