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When Helping Hurts and How to Fix It: Multi-Agent Debate for Data Cleaning
new Abstract: When does multi-agent debate help data cleaning, and when does it hurt? Across three benchmarks, four model families, and over 6,000 task-condition pairs, we find debate's effect reverses sign: it degrades generation across all four models (-1.6 to -15.5pp) through critique-induced confusion (CIC), hallucinated Critic feedback that the Generator accepts uncritically, yet improves error detection (+27.4pp F1, d=1.0). We derive a debate benefit condition: debate helps when the...
When Does Delegation Beat Majority? A Delegation-Based Aggregator for Multi-Sample LLM Inference
arXiv:2606.08098v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Majority voting over sampled answers is the dominant unsupervised aggregator for multi-sample LLM inference. We show that piping the signals every sample carries into a delegation-based aggregator (Propagational Proxy Voting, PPV) yields an unsupervised consensus rule that beats majority on MMLU-Pro by +1.5 pp overall and +2.24 pp on the non-trivial subset (paired McNemar p ~ 1.0e-14, n = 8,099).
Ethiopia votes as ruling party eyes landslide win
Ethiopia votes as ruling party eyes landslide win June 1, 2026Polls opened in Ethiopia on Monday for elections that are widely expected to see Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed's Prosperity Party (PP) extend its rule. Voting began at 6 a.m. local time (0300 GMT) with citizens forming long queues to make their voices heard at the ballot. In the national capital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopians voted amid a heavy military presence.
Binary Amplitude Modulation Suppresses Noise Up-Conversion in Coherent Diffractive Optical Networks
arXiv:2605.30820v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We establish a fundamental principle in coherent wave-optical computing: restricting the modulation manifold from continuous complex-valued to binary amplitude suppresses stochastic-noise up-conversion while preserving classification fidelity, yielding a counter-intuitive less-is-more robustness law. Seven-layer binary-amplitude-mask D2NN (BM-D2NN) achieve 90.9% (MNIST) and 81.9% (Fashion-MNIST) test accuracy, within 2~4 pp of...
Pope Leo defends integration of migrants, rebuking Spain’s right-wing parties
Pope Leo XIV on Monday called for the greater defense and integration of migrants while delivering an address to the Spanish parliament. The speech, delivered on the third day of Leo’s weeklong trip to Spain, puts him at odds with the country’s far-right Vox party, which has steadily risen in the polls while campaigning on an anti-immigrant platform, and the center-right People’s Party (PP). “The situation of migrants and refugees calls for a response that focuses on...
Bit-counting complexity classes
arXiv:2606.04406v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We define a new family of complexity classes called bit-counting complexity classes, since membership depends not merely on the number of accepting paths, but also on the binary profile of that number. We study the relationship between this new family of complexity classes and the classical complexity classes. We prove that the classical complexity class ${\bf PP}$ is contained in our comparison based bit-counting complexity classes ${\bf...
When Built-in Thinking Helps and Hurts: Constraint-Level Error Shifts in Instruction Following
arXiv:2606.09662v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large reasoning models (LRMs) often improve math and coding performance, but their effect on instruction following is unclear. We study IFEval with Qwen3 models (1.7B-32B), using same-weights Thinking ON/OFF controls; four Hunyuan models provide directional cross-family support. Aggregate pass-rate changes are small (-0.55 to -3.52 pp), yet 10-20% of prompts switch between pass and fail across modes, suggesting that thinking changes the pattern...
Global Convergence of a Line-Search Filter Differential Dynamic Programming Method
Announce Type: cross Abstract: In this article, we establish the global convergence properties of the FilterDDP algorithm, which extends the discrete-time differential dynamic programming (DDP) algorithm of Mayne and Jacobson [\emph{International Journal of Control}, 3, (1966), pp. 85-95] to handle nonlinear constraints over states and controls, in addition to the dynamics. FilterDDP adopts a line-search filter procedure for step acceptance.
Inositol Pyrophosphates Mediate Chloroplast Lipid Remodeling and Nuclear Gene Repression during High-Light Acclimation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Microalgae are photosynthetic organisms capable of autotrophic growth. Their applicability in multiple industrial fields has been largely studied, thanks to their ability to fixate CO2 into high added value organic products like fatty acids and carotenoids. However, our under-standing of the cellular signaling networks that control carbon flux and acclimation to envi-ronmental stress remains incomplete.
The Frame Problem
The Frame Problem To most AI researchers, the frame problem is the challenge of representing the effects of action in logic without having to represent explicitly a large number of intuitively obvious non-effects. But to many philosophers, the AI researchers' frame problem is suggestive of wider epistemological issues. Is it possible, in principle, to limit the scope of the reasoning required to derive the consequences of an action?