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Identification of novel enolase negative Segatella copri subspecies supports notion of Segatella copri speciation via alternative phosphoenolpyruvate synthesis pathways

Segatella copri is characterised as a prominent glycolytic plant-based fiber utiliser within the human gut. My recent work has introduced a new interpretation of the positive impacts of plant-based polysaccharides on S. copri, as a significant negative relationship between S. copri and Blautia spp. was identified. The high rate of electron donor consumption by Blautia spp. indicated that competition for the electron donors, formate, ferredoxin and fumarate, could be the route of the negative...

bioRxiv 5d ago

Karyotype evolution of angel insects (Zoraptera)

Our study provides the first comprehensive karyotype evolution analysis of the insect order Zoraptera. We present karyotypic descriptions of seven species across two families: Zorotypidae (Usazoros hubbardi and two Zorotypus spp.) and Spiralizoridae (Centrozoros gurneyi, Spiralizoros magnicaudelli, and two Spiralizorose spp.).

bioRxiv 5d ago

Genome editing of key domestication genes overcomes self-incompatibility and bitter taste in cultivated buckwheat

Buckwheat (Fagopyrum spp.) is a climate-resilient pseudocereal, yet its global adoption is constrained by the distylous self-incompatibility of common buckwheat (F. esculentum) and grain bitterness of Tartary buckwheat (F. tataricum). While the S-locus early flowering 3 (FeS-ELF3) gene has been identified as a key regulator of self-compatibility, a stable genetic transformation of F. esculentum has not yet been developed. In this study, we developed an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation...

bioRxiv 11d ago

Data gaps of international databases on HPAI H5 in wildlife in the Americas: implications for surveillance, research, and conservation

Global efforts to prevent and mitigate the impacts of high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) H5 on domestic animals, humans, and wildlife rely on timely and transparent information that is both accurate and interpretable across countries and sectors. International epidemiological and genomic databases, such as the World Animal Health Information System (WAHIS), the Global Animal Disease Information System (EMPRES-i+), the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID), and the...

bioRxiv 9d ago

Enemies, more than sex, shape butterfly post-mating odor evolution

Not all odors influencing mating behavior evolve as sex pheromones. Female butterflies' post-mating odors have been considered species-specific anti-aphrodisiac pheromones shaped by sexual selection but may also serve broader ecological roles shaped by natural selection. Males transfer odors to females that repel rivals, yet the widespread use of these compounds across phyla makes them targets for eavesdropping, such as by phoretic egg parasitoids.

bioRxiv 7d ago

A 5.3-million-year-old deep-sea whale necropolis in the Diamantina Zone

Abstract Whale falls are biodiversity oases at seabeds1,2,3,4,5,6, yet their record from the oceans has remained sparse and fragmentary6,7. Here we report the discovery of a vast whale necropolis in the Diamantina Zone (4,616- to 7,001-m depth), extending about 1,200 km along the sea floor of the southeastern Indian Ocean. This area has a deep and extensive accumulation comprising five modern natural whale-fall communities and 476 fossil cetaceans recorded.

Nature 22h ago

Enhanced Renewable Energy Forecasting using Context-Aware Conformal Prediction

arXiv:2510.15780v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used to support renewable energy forecasting and grid operations. As renewable penetration grows, reliable probabilistic forecasting is becoming essential for managing uncertainty and supporting risk-aware operational decision-making. However, these forecasts often suffer from miscalibration due to temporal variability, changing weather conditions, and heterogeneous operating regimes.

arXiv CS 7d ago