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A PMP-inspired Evaluation Framework for Assessing Deep-Learning Earth System Models
arXiv:2604.06567v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In recent years, Deep-Learning Earth System Models (DL-ESMs) have emerged as promising, computationally efficient complements to traditional Earth system models. Here, we present an evaluation framework for testing DL-ESMs from an Earth system model-development perspective using standardized diagnostics from the PCMDI Metrics Package (PMP). This framework allows DL-ESMs, including Ai2's ACE2 and Google's NeuralGCM, to be assessed with...
Tessera AI model offers accessible way to view Earth
Tessera AI model offers accessible way to view Earth Lisa Lock Scientific Editor Andrew Zinin Lead Editor A foundation model trained on Earth observation data from Copernicus Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 has been made widely available to researchers, it was announced at a computer industry conference this week in Denver, U.S. Tessera, an advanced artificial intelligence (AI) model, offers high-accuracy datasets that encode what the satellite "sees" of Earth's surface during the course of a...
Why do Venus and Jupiter meet up in the sky so often? It's a symptom of a solar system that supports life on Earth
Why do Venus and Jupiter meet up in the sky so often? It's a symptom of a solar system that supports life on Earth "Orbital dynamics allows you to start to think about all those fun, different aspects of what makes our planet habitable, and ask how normal it is to have a habitable planet." Shortly after sunset on June 9, Venus and Jupiter will look very close together, in what is known as a planetary conjunction.
Climate network characterization of the AMOC edge state
arXiv:2606.08623v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) has been identified as a tipping element in the Earth system. Under the current climate change scenarios, it is urgent to develop robust methods for determining the probability of future AMOC transitions. Recent studies using an Earth System Model of Intermediate Complexity (EMIC) have revealed the importance of an AMOC edge state, located on the boundary of the attraction basin of the...
Viability of Tensor Train Methods for Geophysical Fluid Dynamics
Announce Type: new Abstract: Tensor train (TT) methods have recently gained popularity for accelerating the solving of systems of PDEs. Here, we evaluate the performance of TT methods in the context of geophysical fluid dynamics (GFD) using the shallow water equations and a discretization scheme employed by the ocean component of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM). Through a suite of four test cases of increasing complexity, we evaluate TT methods in terms of how much TT is able...
Viability of Tensor Train Methods for Geophysical Fluid Dynamics
Announce Type: cross Abstract: Tensor train (TT) methods have recently gained popularity for accelerating the solving of systems of PDEs. Here, we evaluate the performance of TT methods in the context of geophysical fluid dynamics (GFD) using the shallow water equations and a discretization scheme employed by the ocean component of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM). Through a suite of four test cases of increasing complexity, we evaluate TT methods in terms of how much TT is able...
Spatial Representation Learning Beyond Pixels: Unifying Raster Data and Vector Semantics for Human-Centric Geospatial Foundation Models
Announce Type: new Abstract: Earth Observation (EO) has fundamentally transformed the monitoring of environmental processes and human activities up to planetary scale. Recent advances in self-supervised learning have given rise to Earth Observation Foundation Models (EOFMs), which leverage petabyte-scale unlabeled EO data to learn transferable representations across a wide range of downstream geospatial tasks. Despite these advances, current EOFMs remain largely confined to raster...
Space station dust maps slash climate uncertainty over iron-rich particles
Space station dust maps slash climate uncertainty over iron-rich particles Lisa Lock Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor New research from a team of scientists led by Cornell is transforming how researchers understand one of the atmosphere's most abundant and least understood constituents: mineral dust. Mineral dust, composed of tiny particles lifted from arid regions including the Sahara, Middle East and East Asia, plays a complex role in Earth's climate system. These particles...
Atmosphere survival model refines search for habitable planets
Atmosphere survival model refines search for habitable planets Gaby Clark Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor Researchers have developed the Smaller Than Earth Habitability Model (STEHM) to assess which planets can maintain life-supporting atmospheres, focusing on size and atmospheric dynamics. Since 1992, NASA has confirmed the existence of over 6,000 planets outside of our solar system, and over 7,000 suspected planets still await confirmation. These distant planets, dubbed...
Warming unlocks ancient carbon in Tibetan permafrost, triggering climate tipping point
Warming unlocks ancient carbon in Tibetan permafrost, triggering climate tipping point Tejasri Gururaj Author Stephanie Baum Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor A new study in Nature Communications finds a critical climate tipping point in Tibetan permafrost ecosystems. Warming of 2–4 degrees Celsius triggers a self-reinforcing cycle of carbon release that could significantly accelerate climate change, according to the work. Permafrost covers roughly 15% of the Northern...