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"\^{I}n\c{t}elegi Rom\^ane\c{s}te?'' A Recipe for Romanian Vision-Language Models

arXiv:2605.31401v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Vision-Language Models (VLMs) largely follow the text-only LLM trajectory, excelling on English benchmarks but sharply degrading on low-resource languages, where neither large-scale image-text corpora nor culturally grounded evaluations exist. We present a systematic study of building a language-specific VLM for Romanian, covering the full pipeline from data construction to architectural choices. We translate established English VLM...

arXiv CS 8d ago

The Ringelmann Effect in Multi-Agent LLM Systems: A Scaling Law for Effective Team Size

arXiv:2606.02646v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Inference-time multi-agent LLM scaling lacks a shared unit: counting nominal agents conflates cost with independent evidence. We derive a two-parameter scaling law $R(N) = N_\text{eff}/N = 1/(1+c(N-1)N^{-\beta})$ where the regime exponent $\beta$ classifies any configuration into one of three asymptotic regimes -- hard-ceiling at $1/c$ ($\beta = 0$), sublinear at $N^\beta/c$ ($0 0.99$; only $(c, \beta)$ shifts. On free-form math, dense peer...

arXiv CS 7d ago

The Ringelmann Effect in Multi-Agent LLM Systems: A Scaling Law for Effective Team Size

arXiv:2606.02646v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Inference-time multi-agent LLM scaling lacks a shared unit: counting nominal agents conflates cost with independent evidence. We derive a two-parameter scaling law $R(N) = N_\text{eff}/N = 1/(1+c(N-1)N^{-\beta})$ where the regime exponent $\beta$ classifies any configuration into one of three asymptotic regimes -- hard-ceiling at $1/c$ ($\beta = 0$), sublinear at $N^\beta/c$ ($0 0.99$; only $(c, \beta)$ shifts. On free-form math, dense peer...

arXiv Physics 7d ago

Deterministic Monotone Min-Plus Product and Convolution

arXiv:2605.07150v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The Monotone Min-Plus Product problem is a useful primitive that has seen many algorithmic applications over the past decade. In this problem, we are given two $n\times n$ integer matrices $A$ and $B$, where each row of $B$ is a monotone non-decreasing sequence of integers from $\{1,\dots,n\}$, and the goal is to compute their Min-Plus product, defined as the $n\times n$ matrix $C$ with $C_{i,j} = \min_{k}\{A_{i,k} + B_{k,j}\}$. The fastest...

arXiv CS 9d ago

Bounds for Single-Error-Correcting Analog Codes

arXiv:2606.03011v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We study single-error correction for analog codes over $\mathbb{R}$. A key performance measure is the parameter $\Gamma_2(\mathcal{C})$, which quantifies the minimum separation required between large outlying errors that need to be located/corrected and bounded tolerable perturbations. We prove that every real linear $[n,n-2]$ code $\mathcal{C}$ satisfies \[ \Gamma_2(\mathcal{C})\ge \frac{1}{\sin^2(\pi/2n)}. This resolves Roth's open problem on...

arXiv CS 7d ago

Infinite sequences with optimal diaphony, periodic $L_2$-discrepancy, and beyond

arXiv:2606.05482v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We investigate the periodic $L_2$-discrepancy of infinite sequences $\S_d$ in $[0,1)^d$ and its analytic counterpart, the diaphony. We prove that infinite order-2 digital sequences over $\mathbb{F}_2$ attain the optimal order $L_{2,N}^{{\rm per}}(\S_d) \le C_d (\log N)^{d/2}/N$ for all $N \in \mathbb{N}\setminus \{1\}$, matching known lower bounds for infinitely many $N \in \mathbb{N}$.

arXiv CS 5d ago

SIRT7 regulates dosage compensation and safeguards the female X chromosome

Abstract Sirtuins are deacetylases implicated in stress responses and longevity in mammals1,2. Although their differential impact on disease for the two sexes has been noted3,4,5,6,7, the underlying reasons are unclear. Here, using Sirt7 as a model in mice, we examine the mechanisms leading to sex differences and find that Sirt7−/− female mice have decreased fitness throughout their lifespan.

Nature 22h ago

"I've Seen How This Goes": Characterizing Diversity via Progressive Conditional Surprise

arXiv:2606.01811v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Measuring the diversity of creative outputs is central to evaluating post-training mode collapse, comparing decoding strategies, and quantifying creative behavior in both AI and human writing. We propose a new approach to measuring diversity using in-context learning, of which the ``Decan'' metric, $D_{Ca_n} = C \times a_n$, is the working instance we evaluate: a per-byte score read off the per-token log-probabilities of a base model $\theta$...

arXiv CS 8d ago

Tomography of quantum states with bounded extent

arXiv:2606.07425v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We give a general framework for tomography of states that have bounded-extent with respect to a structured class of states. Let $\textsf{C}$ be a family of $n$-qubit states such that: $(i)$ $\textsf{C}$ is succinctly representable and $(ii)$ there is a weak agnostic learner of $\textsf{C}$. We give a tomography protocol for an unknown state $|\psi\rangle$ that is promised to admit a decomposition of the form $|\psi\rangle = \sum_i c_i...

arXiv CS 2d ago

Counting Distinct (Non-)Crossing Substrings in Optimal Time

Announce Type: replace Abstract: Let $w$ be a string of length $n$. The problem of counting factors crossing a position -- Problem 64 from the textbook ``125 Problems in Text Algorithms'' [Crochemore, Lecroq, and Rytter, 2021] -- asks to count the number $\mathcal{C}(w,k)$ (resp. $\mathcal{N}(w,k)$) of distinct substrings in $w$ that have occurrences containing (resp.

arXiv CS 5d ago