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Industry spurs novel research but may hurt ‘blue skies’ science: IIM study
Industry’s growing role in scientific publishing is helping researchers generate novel ideas across a range of disciplines, but it may also be steering science away from “blue skies research”, curiosity-driven investigations pursued without immediate commercial objectives, which have historically produced some of science’s most unexpected discoveries. From Zorawar tank to laser guns: PM Modi gets a look at desi futuristic weapons at Surat facilityFrom Zorawar tank to laser guns: PM Modi gets...
Graph Energy Matching: Transport-Aligned Energy-Based Modeling for Graph Generation
arXiv:2603.23398v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Generative modeling of discrete data, such as graphs, underpins many scientific and industrial applications, including molecular discovery and materials design. In these domains, probabilistic inference is particularly valuable, as it enables composable generation and principled incorporation of desired constraints, such as structural or functional properties. Energy-based models naturally support this goal by capturing relative likelihoods...
Graph Energy Matching: Transport-Aligned Energy-Based Modeling for Graph Generation
Announce Type: replace Abstract: Generative modeling of discrete data, such as graphs, underpins many scientific and industrial applications, including molecular discovery and materials design. In these domains, probabilistic inference is particularly valuable, as it enables composable generation and principled incorporation of desired constraints, such as structural or functional properties. Energy-based models naturally support this goal by capturing relative likelihoods and enabling...
AI-guided catalyst turns CO₂ and waste into fertilizer at industrially relevant rates
AI-guided catalyst turns CO₂ and waste into fertilizer at industrially relevant rates Sadie Harley Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor Researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) have developed a computation-guided strategy to produce urea more efficiently from carbon dioxide and nitrate. By combining large language models, density functional theory calculations and experiments, the approach identified a cadmium-modified iron oxide catalyst that maintains high urea...
Redesigning an elusive bacterial enzyme into an efficient green catalyst
Redesigning an elusive bacterial enzyme into an efficient green catalyst Sadie Harley Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor Industrial oxidation chemistry is a cornerstone of modern manufacturing, accounting for nearly one-third of all chemical industrial processes. While essential for making pharmaceuticals, dyes, and many specialty chemicals, industrial oxidation typically relies on high-temperature, high-pressure processes involving toxic oxidizing agents. This has motivated...
Infrastructure for African mines destroying forests at 34 times the rate of the mines themselves
Infrastructure for African mines destroying forests at 34 times the rate of the mines themselves Gaby Clark Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor Industrial-scale mining in Africa to support global supply chains is leading to unprecedented deforestation across the continent, with 34 hectares of forest removed for every single hectare of active mine site. The scale of mining's deforestation footprint is laid bare in a new University of Sheffield-led study showing that, between 2001...
Rocket launches and reentries harm Earth's ozone layer
Rocket launches and reentries harm Earth's ozone layer Gaby Clark Scientific Editor Andrew Zinin Lead Editor The space industry is surging. In coming years, nearly 10,000 spacecraft are slated to launch into low-Earth orbit for a variety of purposes, such as global surveillance, space tourism, and satellite "megaconstellations" providing internet service. Rocket engine exhaust, as well as the burnup of inactive satellites and rocket parts reentering Earth's atmosphere, releases a suite of...
Food industries embrace AI sensors to improve efficiencies
Food industries embrace AI sensors to improve efficiencies Lisa Lock Scientific Editor Andrew Zinin Lead Editor Food waste is a nagging problem that weighs heavily on global food production, distribution and sales industries—but an emerging generation of AI sensors is providing a raft of fresh solutions. The embrace of AI in food industries has been swift, which is why Flinders University researchers have worked with an international research team to build the first comprehensive overview of...
Moderate thinning increased hair lichens, while heavy cuts reduced them in Sweden
Moderate thinning increased hair lichens, while heavy cuts reduced them in Sweden Lisa Lock Scientific Editor Andrew Zinin Lead Editor By using clearcutting, industrial forestry has caused a large-scale decline of hair lichens in Sweden's forests. In a large-scale field-experiment, researchers from Umeå University, University of Northern British Columbia, Canada, and Norwegian University of Life Sciences have shown that partial cutting can increase the abundance of hair lichens. The study is...
Profiling a Rydberg-Atom Electric Field Sensor for Off-Resonant Detection of Sub-100 MHz RF Signals
arXiv:2606.10151v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We present a Rydberg-Atom electric field sensor optimized to detect signals at sub-100 MHz carrier frequencies. The sensing setup employs a sapphire vapor cell that allows for detection of signals below 100~MHz -- typical vapor cells made of glass or quartz demonstrate strong screening of radio frequency (RF) signals in this frequency regime. Applied signals are detected by observing AC Stark shifts in the atomic vapor energy levels.