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Spectral Methods in Microeconomics

arXiv CS Tuesday 09 June 2026, 04:00 UTC By Benjamin Golub 1 min read
Key Points

arXiv:2502.12309v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Matrices often appear in formal models of social and economic behavior, especially models involving networks. Such models are used to study subjects ranging from opinion dynamics to pollution-mitigation negotiations to the regulation of large marketplace platforms. Matrices are used to capture the focal economic structure in each case.

arXiv:2502.12309v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Matrices often appear in formal models of social and economic behavior, especially models involving networks. Such models are used to study subjects ranging from opinion dynamics to pollution-mitigation negotiations to the regulation of large marketplace platforms. Matrices are used to capture the focal economic structure in each case. Spectral theory offers powerful tools for understanding matrices, and economic modelers have leveraged these tools to gain considerable insight. When special structure is present, such as nonnegativity or symmetry, more refined tools suited to this structure -- such as Perron--Frobenius theory and the spectral theorem -- offer additional leverage. This essay uses these unifying mathematical threads to offer an accessible tour of several important ideas in social science, assuming minimal non-mathematical background knowledge. Though the introductions to each topic are necessarily brief, the tour cites references throughout for more context.
Spectral Methods in Microeconomics arXiv:2502.12309v2 Announce Type (ORG) Perron (PERSON) Frobenius (PERSON)
Originally published by arXiv CS Read original →

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