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An extended scattering kernel formalism for multi-scale gas-surface dynamics

arXiv:2605.31109v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Gas-particle interactions with non-absorbing surfaces are commonly described using the scattering-kernel formalism. In this framework, an operator $\mathbf{K}$ maps incident velocity distributions to reflected velocity distributions. The operator is self-adjoint and has norm $\lVert \mathbf{K} \rVert = 1$ in an $L^2$ space weighted by the three-dimensional Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, and must satisfy non-negativity, normalisation, and...

arXiv Physics 9d ago

A Voxel-Based Quantum Computing Method (VBQC) for Solid Mechanics Problem

new Abstract: Quantum computing presents a promising method to overcome the efficiency and memory constraints in large-scale mechanical problems, with numerous successful applications demonstrated in fluid mechanics. However, solid mechanics problems usually require irregular grids for spatial discretization, due to the Lagrange formulations and complex boundaries, which makes the quantum simulation of the system matrix, e.g., the mass or stiffness matrix which is often referred to as the...

arXiv CS 7d ago

Robust Learning of a Group DRO Neuron

arXiv:2601.18115v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We study the problem of learning a single neuron under standard squared loss in the presence of arbitrary label noise and group-level distributional shifts, for a broad family of covariate distributions. Our goal is to identify a ''best-fit'' neuron parameterized by $\mathbf{w}_*$ that performs well under the most challenging reweighting of the groups. Specifically, we address a Group Distributionally Robust Optimization problem: given...

arXiv CS 8d ago

Sharp periodic Ge concentration modulations beyond the conduction band valley wavevector $k_0$ in nuclear spin-free Si quantum wells

new Abstract: Periodic Ge modulations within strained Si quantum wells in SiGe heterostructures offer a route to deterministically enhance conduction-band valley splitting in Si, a key requirement for scalable spin-qubit quantum computing. Efficient enhancement requires modulations in the order of the Si valley wavevector $k_0$ (9.7 nm$^{-1}$), corresponding to a period of 0.64 nm and near-monolayer growth control. Using nuclear-spin-free molecular beam epitaxy with $^{28}$Si and $^{72}$Ge,...

arXiv Physics 9d ago

Magenta RealTime 2: Open and Local Live Music Models

We’re excited to share Magenta RealTime 2 (MRT2), a state-of-the-art open model and efficient real-time inference engine that enables you to build and play AI musical instruments on your laptop! To get started, download the apps on your MacBook (requires Apple Silicon). Unlike other large generative music models that work offline to turn a prompt into a track, MRT2 is a live, interactive model that you can control with MIDI and audio, in addition to text.

Hacker News 5d ago

Closed-form linear moments of the two-dimensional angular central Gaussian distribution

arXiv:2605.31536v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The polar-angle marginal of a centred bivariate Gaussian distribution, obtained after integrating out the radial coordinate, gives the two-dimensional angular central Gaussian (ACG) distribution of Tyler. While its trigonometric and vector-valued moments have been studied in detail, to our knowledge there are no explicit closed-form expressions for the \emph{linear} moments $\mathbf{E}[\theta]$ and $\mathbf{E}[\theta^{2}]$ on the natural...

arXiv Physics 9d ago

Scale-invariance and characteristic length scale for the large-scale vortices in geostrophic convective turbulence with friction

arXiv:2606.02940v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In geostrophic convective turbulence, large-scale vortices (LSVs) emerge through upscale energy transfer and are commonly regulated by large-scale friction. Yet the role of friction in setting the LSV size remains poorly understood. Here we perform direct numerical simulations of rotating Rayleigh-Benard convection with a linear friction term $\alpha\mathbf{u}$. Contrary to the classical prediction $L_\alpha\sim\alpha^{-3/2}$ obtained from the...

arXiv Physics 7d ago

Runtime Analysis of a Compact Genetic Algorithm on a Truly Multi-valued OneMax Function

arXiv:2605.29477v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recently, the runtime analysis of multi-valued estimation-of-distribution algorithms in the framework of Ben Jedidia et al. (TCS 2024) has made significant advancements. However, almost all existing analyses are limited to multi-valued objective functions that in each dimension only distinguish between two types, also called categories, of values and hence can be treated with similar methods as pseudo-Boolean problems.

arXiv CS 8d ago