Adaptive Causal Alignment
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Adaptive Causal Alignment for High-Confidence Adversarial Training
new Abstract: Inverse adversarial training leverages high-confidence predictions to stabilize robust learning, yet we uncover a critical paradox: high confidence often stems from overfitting to non-causal background correlations rather than intrinsic object semantics. Our investigation reveals that visual context functions as a dual-natured signal, serving as either a necessary supportive prior or a spurious confounder. This insight renders existing blind suppression strategies flawed, as...
Transferring Information Across Interventions in Causal Bayesian Optimization
arXiv:2606.01457v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Bayesian optimization is a popular way to optimize expensive systems, where every experiment, simulation, or intervention costs time or money. In its standard form, it treats the variables we control as plain inputs to a black box and cannot tell apart mere correlation from a real cause and effect. Causal Bayesian optimization closes part of this gap by using a known causal graph together with observational data to decide which variables are...
MedSynapse-V: Bridging Visual Perception and Clinical Intuition via Latent Memory Evolution
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Visual Instruction Tuning Aligns Modalities through Abstraction
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A prognostic human brain network for diffuse midline glioma
Abstract Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) are near-universally lethal tumours of the childhood central nervous system1,2. In animal models, DMGs form brain-wide integrated networks through neuron-to-glioma synapses3,4,5,6 and glioma-to-glioma gap junctional coupling3. This extensive connectivity robustly promotes the growth and invasion of DMG3,4,5,6,7,8,9 and other glial malignancies10,11,12 through paracrine mechanisms and direct neuron-to-glioma synapses.
Human-Like Neural Nets by Catapulting
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The Unreasonable Redundancy of Nature's Protein Folds
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Deep learning four decades of human migration
Abstract Human migration is a fundamental driver of global demographic change, shaping population structure, labour markets and social policy across countries1,2,3. Although long-term migration patterns are often linked to economic development4, they can shift rapidly in response to shocks such as conflict, environmental crises and political change5. Despite its importance, migration remains difficult to measure consistently: existing data are sparse, concentrated in high-income settings and...