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Chip-scale 'acoustic atom' controls sound waves to imitate atomic energy levels and advance computing
Chip-scale 'acoustic atom' controls sound waves to imitate atomic energy levels and advance computing Stephanie Baum Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. What goes up must come down. Physical laws like these govern all of the natural world—except for the tiny internal components of today's microprocessors, which operate according to the unique and complicated rules of quantum physics.
VQ-Atom: Semantic Discretization of Local Atomic Environments for Molecular Representation Learning
Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large language models succeed by combining large-scale pretraining with meaningful discrete tokens. In molecular machine learning, SMILES is widely used as a token representation, but it is primarily a linearization format for molecular graphs rather than a semantic decomposition of chemistry. We propose VQ-Atom, a semantic tokenization framework that assigns discrete atom-level tokens based on local chemical environments via vector quantization.
'Atom Camera' maps laser light at nanoscale using a single ultracold atom
A research group led by Assistant Professor Takafumi Tomita and Professor Kenji Ohmori at the Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, has developed a new microscopy technique called the Atom Camera, which uses a single ultracold atom at near absolute zero temperature trapped in an optical tweezer as a camera to visualize the intensity and polarization distributions of light at the nanometer (one-millionth of a millimeter) scale.
How tuning atomic order and surface chemistry can shape MXenes
How tuning atomic order and surface chemistry can shape MXenes Sadie Harley Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory are helping show what it means to design a material almost atom-by-atom. In two publications, scientists show they can carefully choose the types of atoms in a material, where those atoms sit and what is attached to the surfaces of its atom-thin layers. That level of control lets them tailor...
Towards Atoms of Large Language Models
Announce Type: replace Abstract: The fundamental representational units (FRUs) of large language models (LLMs) remain undefined, limiting further understanding of their underlying mechanisms. In this paper, we introduce Atom Theory to systematically define, evaluate, and identify such FRUs, which we term atoms. Building on the atomic inner product (AIP), a non-Euclidean metric that captures the underlying geometry of LLM representations, we formally define atoms and propose two key criteria...
Suppressing the Motion of Rydberg Atoms in Inhomogeneous Electric Fields via Stark Echo
arXiv:2606.09759v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Rydberg atoms possess strong electric dipole transitions and tunable energy levels, making them promising candidates for microwave to optical conversion on integrated superconducting atom chips. Achieving strong coupling of the atoms to e.g. the microwave field of an on-chip resonator requires placing the atoms within tens of micrometers from the chip surface. However, inhomogeneous stray electric fields originating from the surface can induce...
Fast single-atom preparation in optical tweezers via Rydberg blockade
arXiv:2606.03922v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Continuously replenished optical tweezer arrays will unlock unlimited-depth quantum circuits with neutral atom qubits. A key bottleneck limiting the cycle time of these systems is removing atoms from tweezers initially loaded with more than one atom. In the conventional technique of light-assisted collisions, slow collisional dynamics limit the timescale for removing excess atoms to several milliseconds.
Tuning long-range interactions in Sr Rydberg atoms: the effect of series perturbations
arXiv:1505.07152v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We investigate the effect of series perturbation on the second-order dipole-dipole interactions between strontium atoms in the $5sns({^1}S_0)$ and $5snp({^1}P_1)$ Rydberg states as a means of engineering long-range interactions between atoms. The series perturbation in these atoms enables modifying the strength and the sign of the interaction by varying the principal quantum number $n$ of the Rydberg electron. We utilize experimentally...
Few-step Cofolding with All-Atom Flow Maps
Announce Type: new Abstract: All-atom generative modeling of 3D biomolecular complexes has emerged as the dominant paradigm for predicting the structure of proteins and protein-ligand systems. Generating structures at the atomic level of fidelity, however, typically requires expensive iterative diffusion rollouts, making both conventional deployment and inference-time search techniques computationally costly. In this paper, we introduce the Denoiser Cofolding All-Atom Flowmap (DeCAF)...
Clustering in atom probe tomography data: coordination number metric, percolation-based parameter scaling, and size effects
Announce Type: cross Abstract: The ability to identify nanometer-scale nuclei of new phases in atom probe tomography (APT) is often limited by the sensitivity of clustering algorithms to user-defined control parameters. Conventional approaches typically rely on the Euclidean distance metric and consider only solute atoms, thereby discarding the solvent atoms that contain most of the spatial information. Here, we introduce a coordination-number metric based on the composition and apply it to...