Causal Instrument for Spatial Multi-Omics Spatial

Extrachromosomal DNA as a Causal Instrument for Spatial Multi-Omics

Spatial transcriptomics, multiplex imaging, and computational pathology now map tissue organization at cellular resolution, but the analyses applied to these data remain correlational. Clustering and co-occurrence statistics describe which features appear together; they cannot say which feature drives the others. We propose a framework for causal inference in spatial multi-omics built on a specific feature of extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA).