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From prediction to engagement: defining tumor-reactive T cells through biological interaction

Abstract Adoptive T-cell therapy (ACT), particularly tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy, demonstrates that durable regression of solid tumors can occur when polyclonal T cells target authentic tumor antigens, including private neoantigens. Yet scalable identification of tumor-reactive clonotypes remains limited because the relevant cells are rare, patient-specific, and poorly captured by indirect markers, expansion behavior, or predictive algorithms. We examined whether productive...

bioRxiv 7d ago

Embryonic tissues can behave like fluids or solids to reshape cell fate signals

Embryonic tissues can behave like fluids or solids to reshape cell fate signals Sadie Harley Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor Embryonic development is one of the most dynamic biological processes in nature. Cells and tissues organize and reorganize themselves following incredibly precise patterns, while remaining flexible and robust. Scientists are increasingly probing the role the physical properties of embryonic tissues—such as rigidity or stiffness—play in this process.

Phys.org 7d ago

Diverse binding poses of agonistic neurotoxins on human Na<sub>v</sub>1.6

Abstract Voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels are key targets of various venomous toxins. Deciphering the binding poses and mechanisms of action of representative toxins will help to dissect the functional mechanism of the channels and facilitate therapeutic development targeting Nav channels1,2. Here we present cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of distinct binding poses of three agonistic peptide toxins on the human Nav1.6–β1 channel complex.

Nature 18h ago

Whole-genome duplication shaped cell-type evolution in the vertebrate brain

Abstract The complex brains of vertebrates have more cell types than those of their closest relatives. Whole-genome duplications (WGDs) occurred during early vertebrate evolution1, but it is unclear whether the duplicated genes (ohnologues) facilitated cell-type evolution. Here using brain single-cell transcriptomes from five chordates—human2, mouse3, lizard4, lamprey5 and amphioxus—we report that many cell-type families with conserved core transcription factors in vertebrates do not show...

Nature 18h ago

New 3D microscope technology captures high-resolution tissue images at a fraction of the cost

New 3D microscope technology captures high-resolution tissue images at a fraction of the cost Sadie Harley Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor A team led by Raju Tomer, professor of biological sciences at Columbia University, has created a new design for microscopes and microscope lenses that could push 3D tissue imaging beyond state-of-the-art systems while drastically cutting costs and complexity. Details of the design were published in the journal Nature Biotechnology. Modern...

Phys.org 1d ago

Overlooked DNA structures help organize the genome

Overlooked DNA structures help organize the genome Lisa Lock Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor Northwestern Medicine scientists have discovered that little-studied DNA structures play a central role in organizing the human genome and controlling gene activity, according to a new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The study revealed that G-quadruplexes (G4s)—four-stranded DNA structures—directly interact with a key genome-organizing protein...

Phys.org 5d ago

A new origin story for multicellular life points to physics, not genes alone

A new origin story for multicellular life points to physics, not genes alone Sadie Harley Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor How did life make the leap from single cells to coordinated, multicellular organisms? And how do genetically identical cells still perform a version of that feat every time an embryo begins to take shape? In a new Perspective paper appearing in the journal Nature Biotechnology, Bren Professor of Biology and Biological Engineering Magdalena Zernicka-Goetz...

Phys.org 8d ago

Development positions malignant cellular states but does notexplain their diversification

Epithelial cancers are often described as aberrant reactivations of embryonic or tissue-forming programs, but whether malignant cellular-state diversification is actually constrained by developmental trajectories remains unclear. Here, we present a quantitative framework to test this idea in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Using representation learning on large-scale single-cell data, we build a reference space that captures the main axes of normal foregut and pancreatic epithelial...

bioRxiv 9d ago

Single cell transforms into cannibalistic 'supergiant,' swallowing its clones whole

Single cell transforms into cannibalistic 'supergiant,' swallowing its clones whole Lisa Lock Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) have discovered a microscopic organism that can transform into a cannibalistic "supergiant" that drastically changes size, shape, and behavior, and abandons filter-feeding to hunt and consume their genetically identical relatives. The work, published on the cover of the Proceedings of the National...

Phys.org 7d ago

Scientists discover the master clock that controls biological growth and development

Scientists discover the master clock that controls biological growth and development - Date: - June 4, 2026 - Source: - Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory - Summary: - A newly discovered genetic clock acts as the master timekeeper for development, orchestrating crucial bursts of gene activity throughout a worm’s growth. When the clock is disrupted, development stops, offering fresh clues about how growth-related disorders may arise. - Share: Imagine a train sitting at a station.

Science Daily 6d ago