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Functional Interface Blocks for Neuromorphic Hardware: A Junction-Centered Framework

Announce Type: new Abstract: Heterogeneous neuromorphic hardware integrates devices with dissimilar electrical characteristics and dynamics, making functional compatibility at their interconnections a primary design challenge. Direct coupling alone is insufficient to ensure correct operation, because the load-line conditions established at each junction determine the effective operating regime. Here, we propose a junction-centered interface framework in which inter-device connections are...

arXiv CS 6d ago

Towards coevolution-aware ancestral sequence reconstruction

Ancestral sequence reconstruction (ASR) is a powerful approach for studying molecular evolution and the emergence of protein function. Yet most ASR methods assume that sites evolve independently, neglecting the epistatic constraints that shape protein structure, stability, and function. This simplification affects both ancestral inference and its evaluation: maximum-a-posteriori reconstructions may over-concentrate probability into a single over-idealized sequence, whereas independent...

bioRxiv 1d ago

Light-induced quantum friction of carbon nanotubes in water

Abstract Friction slows down moving objects at both macroscopic and microscopic scales1. At the electronic level, quantum friction describes direct transfer of momentum between a liquid and the electrons of a solid2. Owing to its microscopic nature, this phenomenon remains experimentally challenging to capture3.

Nature 20h ago

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Disrupts Glymphatic-Related Physiological Brain Pulsations

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bioRxiv 5d ago

Multipole analysis of substrate-supported dielectric nanoresonator arrays with T-matrix method

arXiv:2006.09137v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Substrates, and layered media in general, are ubiquitous, affect the properties of whatever is in their vicinity, and their influence is, in an arbitrary framework, challenging to quantify analytically, especially for large arrays which escape explicit numerical treatment due to the computational burden. In this work, we develop a versatile T-matrix based framework in which we generalize the coupled multipole model towards arbitrarily high...

arXiv Physics 6d ago

A Stable SBP-SAT FDTD Subgridding Method Without Region Split

arXiv:2604.14618v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: A provably stable summation-by-parts simultaneous approximation term (SBP-SAT) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) subgridding method without region split is proposed. By designing projection SBP operators tailored for embedded topological features and deriving the corresponding SAT boundary conditions, this approach guarantees long-time stability through discrete energy analysis. Unlike conventional SBP-SAT FDTD subgridding techniques...

arXiv CS 1d ago

SIRT7 regulates dosage compensation and safeguards the female X chromosome

Abstract Sirtuins are deacetylases implicated in stress responses and longevity in mammals1,2. Although their differential impact on disease for the two sexes has been noted3,4,5,6,7, the underlying reasons are unclear. Here, using Sirt7 as a model in mice, we examine the mechanisms leading to sex differences and find that Sirt7−/− female mice have decreased fitness throughout their lifespan.

Nature 20h ago

Cost-Aware Query Routing in RAG: Empirical Analysis of Retrieval Depth Tradeoffs

Announce Type: new Abstract: Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) faces a fundamental three-way tension: deeper retrieval improves factual grounding but inflates token costs and end-to-end latency. Static retrieval configurations cannot resolve this tension across heterogeneous query workloads -- simple definitional queries waste budget on unnecessary context, while complex analytical prompts are underserved by shallow retrieval. This paper introduces \emph{Cost-Aware RAG} (CA-RAG), a...

arXiv CS 7d ago

Elastohydrodynamic coupling enhances flow generation by coordinated ciliary beating

Announce Type: new Abstract: Ciliary arrays pump fluid at low Reynolds number through non-reciprocal beating and phase coordination between neighbouring cilia. Previous studies have often found antiplectic metachronal waves to be more effective than symplectic waves in enhancing transport, and have proposed several physically intuitive explanations for this preference.

arXiv Physics 8d ago

Reward Learning from Best-of-$N$ Preference Data: Targets, Tradeoffs, and Design Principles

arXiv:2605.30619v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Best-of-$N$ sampling is widely used to construct pairwise preference data: $N$ candidates are drawn from a base distribution, and the best is paired with a rejected response. Despite its widespread use, what Bradley--Terry (BT) reward learning extracts from such data, and how to choose $N$ and the base distribution, remain unclear. We specialize a recent analysis of preference data via its induced conditional distribution to Best-of-$N$. For...

arXiv CS 9d ago