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Graph Foundation Models

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Generalizing Graph Foundation Models via Hyperbolic Retrieval-Augmented Generation

arXiv:2606.03307v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Graph foundation models (GFMs) emerged as a dominant paradigm in graph representation learning by leveraging large-scale pre-training for cross-domain inference. However, the parameterized knowledge encoded within these models is insufficient to cope with distribution shifts, limiting their generalization ability. To mitigate this issue, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has been introduced to incorporate external knowledge at inference...

arXiv CS 6d ago

A Graph Foundation Model with Spectral Parsing and Prototype-Guided Spatial Propagation

Announce Type: new Abstract: Graph foundation models aim to learn transferable knowledge from diverse graphs for generalization to unseen graphs and tasks. Unlike text and images, graphs lack a shared vocabulary or regular spatial grid, making cross-graph transfer challenging. This challenge comes from both feature discrepancies and, more critically, diverse graph structures.

arXiv CS 7d ago

Generalizing Graph Foundation Models via Hyperbolic Retrieval-Augmented Generation

arXiv:2606.03307v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Graph foundation models (GFMs) emerged as a dominant paradigm in graph representation learning by leveraging large-scale pre-training for cross-domain inference. However, the parameterized knowledge encoded within these models is insufficient to cope with distribution shifts, limiting their generalization ability. To mitigate this issue, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has been introduced to incorporate external knowledge at inference time.

arXiv CS 7d ago

Towards Graph Foundation Models for Dynamics in Complex Networked Systems: Lessons from Super-Spreader Identification in Multilayer Networks

Announce Type: new Abstract: Network dynamics - including spreading, influence maximisation, and epidemic modelling - remain largely confined to the transductive paradigm, where models are trained on a single network and cannot be reused on unseen graphs without retraining. We argue that inductive cross-network generalisation is a necessary prerequisite for Graph Foundation Models (GFMs) in this domain and propose four design properties towards this goal. As a proof of concept, ts-net...

arXiv CS 1d ago

Are Common Substructures Transferable? Riemannian Graph Foundation Model with Neural Vector Bundles

arXiv:2606.03270v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Foundation models have sparked a revolution via a pretraining-adaptation paradigm, with recent efforts extending this success to graphs. Unlike other modalities, graphs contain rich structural patterns, yet their structural transferability remains poorly understood. Prior studies consider common substructures in the discrete realm, and we are motivated by a fundamental question: Are common substructures transferable?

arXiv CS 7d ago

HEIST: A Graph Foundation Model for Spatial Transcriptomics and Proteomics Data

arXiv:2506.11152v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Single-cell transcriptomics and proteomics have become a great source for data-driven insights into biology, enabling the use of advanced deep learning methods to understand cellular heterogeneity and gene expression at the single-cell level. With the advent of spatial-omics data, we have the promise of characterizing cells within their tissue context as it provides both spatial coordinates and intra-cellular transcriptional or...

arXiv CS 5d ago

Controllable Molecular Generative Foundation Models

Announce Type: replace Abstract: Despite the success of foundation models in language and vision, molecular graph generation still lacks a unified framework for heterogeneous design tasks with reliable controllability. While reinforcement learning (RL) offers a natural post-training mechanism for task-specific optimization, applying it to graph generative models is hindered by the vast atom-wise action spaces and chemically invalid intermediate states. We propose \textbf{Co}ntrollable...

arXiv CS 2d ago

Enhancing the Socioeconomic Understanding of Foundation Models with Urban Mobility

Announce Type: new Abstract: Foundation models have recently been applied to urban socioeconomic prediction using POI text, satellite imagery, and geospatial descriptions. However, these models mostly rely on static attributes of individual places, while ignoring the mobility patterns that reveal how places are functionally connected. To address this gap, we explore whether mobility networks can elicit the geospatial capabilities of foundation models by explicitly encoding connectivity among...

arXiv CS 8d ago

Harnessing Structural Context for Entity Alignment Foundation Models

Announce Type: new Abstract: Entity alignment (EA) aims to identify equivalent entities across heterogeneous knowledge graphs (KGs) and is a key component of knowledge fusion and cross-KG reasoning. The recent EA foundation model demonstrates that alignment knowledge, once pretrained, can be directly applied to diverse previously unseen KG pairs. However, it still underuses structural context in two places: cross-KG interaction is weak during encoding, and final candidate ranking still...

arXiv CS 5d ago

GOTabPFN: From Feature Ordering to Compact Tokenization for Tabular Foundation Models on High-Dimensional Data

arXiv:2606.05441v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We investigate how to make small tabular foundation models effective for High-Dimensional, Low-Sample Size (HDLSS) tabular prediction without retraining large backbones. We introduce Graph-guided Ordering with Local Refinement (GO-LR), show its equivalence to weighted Minimum Linear Arrangement, and interpret the practical solver as a TSP-path-style surrogate. We propose GOTabPFN,which builds on GO-LR, and a Neuro-Inspired Subunit Compression...

arXiv CS 5d ago