H2O2
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O-GlcNAc transferase regulates H2O2 production via p38 MAPK
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by augmented transforming growth factor-{beta} (TGF-{beta}) signaling leading to excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. The fibroblast-to-myofibroblast-transition (FMT) and metabolic reprogramming of lung fibroblasts (HLFs) are essential to IPF pathogenesis, yet the connection between nutrient metabolism and fibrogenesis remains poorly defined. The O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc)...
Redesigning an elusive bacterial enzyme into an efficient green catalyst
Redesigning an elusive bacterial enzyme into an efficient green catalyst Sadie Harley Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor Industrial oxidation chemistry is a cornerstone of modern manufacturing, accounting for nearly one-third of all chemical industrial processes. While essential for making pharmaceuticals, dyes, and many specialty chemicals, industrial oxidation typically relies on high-temperature, high-pressure processes involving toxic oxidizing agents. This has motivated...
Controlled Chemical Signaling between Enzymatic Nanomotors
arXiv:2606.04138v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The coordinated interactions between organisms enhance collective functionality, a feature that artificial systems such as enzymatic nanomotors seek to replicate. A key objective, yet still a major challenge, is to achieve chemical communication among nanomotors. Progress has been limited by the difficulties in verifying effective signaling processes, including chemical signal propagation and the response of receiving nanomotors.
SIRT7 regulates dosage compensation and safeguards the female X chromosome
Abstract Sirtuins are deacetylases implicated in stress responses and longevity in mammals1,2. Although their differential impact on disease for the two sexes has been noted3,4,5,6,7, the underlying reasons are unclear. Here, using Sirt7 as a model in mice, we examine the mechanisms leading to sex differences and find that Sirt7−/− female mice have decreased fitness throughout their lifespan.
SOD1 Catalyses Thiol Oxidation to Thiosulfinates
Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is canonically regarded as a superoxide scavenging antioxidant yet is paradoxically associated with multiple diseases. Here, we show that SOD1 catalyzes thiol oxidation to thiosulfinates (RS(O)SR), revealing a previously unrecognized copper mediated oxidant forming reaction in biology. Steady state kinetics demonstrate robust, O2 dependent thiol consumption, and ATR FTIR spectra of the SOD1-cysteine reaction display S--O bands ({approx}1042/1169 cm-1)...
RISOP, a Reference-Assisted Approach for Enhanced Identification of Oxidized Phospholipids
Oxidized phospholipids (OxPLs) play critical roles in inflammation, ferroptosis, and other oxidative stress-associated processes, yet their systematic characterization in biological systems remains a major analytical challenge owing to their low abundance and vast structural diversity. Here we report RISOP (Reference-Assisted Identification of Sample-specific Oxidized Phospholipids), an untargeted LC-MS/MS workflow that leverages chemically enriched OxPL reference pools to substantially...
Organ on chip model of respiratory vascular interactions under COPD relevant oxidative stress
Oxidative stress-induced airway injury contributes to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cardiovascular complications increase COPD morbidity and mortality, but mechanistic links between airway injury and vascular dysfunction remain unclear, largely due to limitations of in vitro models that fail to replicate the multicellular lung environment. We developed REVAS, a modular organ-on-chip platform to study human respiratory-vascular cell-cell interactions at baseline and under...