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Steve Jobs in Exile is a fine profile of Jobs' years at NeXT
In the late 1990s, I was a precocious Mac nerd who pored over issues of Macworld, stayed up late chatting on IRC, and downloaded pirated software that I didn’t actually need. I came of age at the tail end of the dial-up modem and BBS era—and got to witness the early days of the World Wide Web. I wanted to know where all of this had come from and how it had happened so quickly.
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Accurate Small-Signal Modeling of Digitally Controlled Buck Converters with ADC-PWM Synchronization
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Oversight Has a Capacity: Calibrating Agent Guards to a Subjective, Fatiguing Human
Announce Type: new Abstract: As LLM agents begin to take real, irreversible actions (shell commands, file edits, deploys), the standard safety pattern is a human-in-the-loop approval gate: risky actions pause and wait for a person. We argue the gate is the easy part; the hard part is the judgment - which actions to stop - which the field evaluates against two false assumptions: that there is a ground-truth notion of "risky," and that the human reviewer is a perfect, infinitely-available...
Optimal Control Synthesis of Closed-Loop Recommendation Systems over Social Networks
arXiv:2603.10275v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: This paper addresses the problem of designing recommendation systems for social networks and e-commerce platforms from a control-theoretic perspective. We treat the design of recommendation systems as a state-feedback infinite-horizon optimal control problem with a performance index that (i) rewards alignment and engagement, (ii) penalizes polarization and large deviations from an uncontrolled baseline, and (iii) regularizes exposure across...
When Freshness Is Not Enough: Distribution-Aware Age of Information for Networked LQR Control
arXiv:2606.04361v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Age of Information (AoI) has become a central metric for the design of wireless update systems, especially in applications where fresh measurements support tracking, estimation, and control. Despite its popularity, the use of mean AoI or peak AoI as a surrogate for closed-loop performance is often motivated by intuition rather than by a control-theoretic derivation. This paper examines whether minimizing the mean AoI is in fact optimal for...
Geometric Solution of Turbulence as Diffusion in Loop Space
Announce Type: replace Abstract: Strongly nonlinear dynamics, from fluid turbulence to quantum chromodynamics, have long constituted some of the most challenging problems in theoretical physics. This review describes a unified theoretical framework, the loop space calculus, which offers an analytical approach to these problems. The central idea is a shift in perspective from pointwise fields to integrated loop observables, a transformation that recasts the governing nonlinear equations into...
Universal Theory of Decaying Turbulence
Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We derive an exact solution of the loop equation for freely decaying incompressible turbulence in arbitrary spatial dimension $d>1$. Using the Mandelstam identity in the loop dynamics, we prove that the nonlinear advection term reduces to a pure derivative and drops out of the momentum-loop equation. As a result, the momentum-loop equation becomes purely diffusive, admitting an exact geometric solution as a random walk on a circle. Despite this distinct...
Beyond the Thin-Layer Limit: Differentiable Volumetric Training for Visible-Range Diffractive Neural Networks
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