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Hardness as an Information Constraint: A Unifying Meta-Complexity Assumption
Announce Type: new Abstract: Monroe (2026) shows that the nonexistence of an optimal proof system can be read as an information constraint regarding canonical hard instances: no sound arithmetic theory simulates the extensions adjoining sufficiently large, unprovable Busy Beaver values. Furthermore, if the best-known route to simulation is also necessary -- that is, if simulation requires a relative-consistency explanation over a weak base theory -- then the same constraint holds for...
Entrepreneur loses court battle over £1m fortune after judge rules late partner’s family ‘mattered more’ to him
Entrepreneur loses court battle over £1m fortune after judge rules late partner’s family ‘mattered more’ to him Tibor Matyas had sought maintenance from fashion guru Chris Liu’s estate - Bookmark The partner of a millionaire man-bag designer has lost a High Court battle over his late partner’s £1m fortune, after a judge concluded the fashion guru's family "mattered more" to him. Tibor Matyas, described as Chris Liu's "romantic and business partner", had sought maintenance from Mr Liu’s...
Half the world's reservoirs could be clogged up with dirt by 2060
Over half of the planet’s freshwater reservoirs will be “functionally dead” by 2060 due to sediment build-up, a study has predicted. Dams block silt, sand and gravel from flowing downstream, so over time this material accumulates in reservoirs, shrinking the space for water. The trapping of sediment can also compromise dam safety and have damaging impacts on downstream ecosystems.
A prognostic human brain network for diffuse midline glioma
Abstract Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) are near-universally lethal tumours of the childhood central nervous system1,2. In animal models, DMGs form brain-wide integrated networks through neuron-to-glioma synapses3,4,5,6 and glioma-to-glioma gap junctional coupling3. This extensive connectivity robustly promotes the growth and invasion of DMG3,4,5,6,7,8,9 and other glial malignancies10,11,12 through paracrine mechanisms and direct neuron-to-glioma synapses.
Human-Like Neural Nets by Catapulting
Human-like Neural Nets by Catapulting Speculative proposal to create artificial neural nets with human-like performance by high-learning-rate/regularization training of overparameterized NNs to trigger catapulting/grokking. Over-parameterization as a route to true generalization would resolve many outstanding mysteries of artificial versus natural intelligence. There are many mysteries about deep learning and human intelligence, but we could describe the biggest anomaly this way: why are...
Folding Beijing
At ten of five in the morning, Lao Dao crossed the busy pedestrian lane on his way to find Peng Li. After the end of his shift at the waste processing station, Lao Dao had gone home, first to shower and then to change. He was wearing a white shirt and a pair of brown pants—the only decent clothes he owned.
A thalamus–brainstem attractor network drives history-biased decisions
Abstract Natural environments often change gradually, making it adaptive to bias decisions on the basis of the recent past — a phenomenon known as serial dependence1,2,3. Large-scale recordings during behaviour have identified that serial dependence is a common motif for decision-making, with neural representations of past experiences found throughout the brain4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11. However, it remains unclear whether this bias arises from dedicated neural circuits with history-specific...
Lignin to adipic acid in a high-yield chemical and biological redox process
Abstract Viable manufacturing pathways to produce bio-based chemicals from renewable feedstocks, such as lignin derived from plant biomass, are needed to decarbonize the chemicals manufacturing sector. Converting the recalcitrant lignin polymer to valuable bioproducts remains a longstanding challenge in biorefining, with the highest reported single-product yield from lignin currently around 20 wt% (refs. Most existing lignin depolymerization strategies target aryl–ether bond cleavage, which...
After 20 years, scientists finally shrink a powerful laser onto a chip
After 20 years, scientists finally shrink a powerful laser onto a chip - Date: - June 4, 2026 - Source: - Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne - Summary: - Researchers at EPFL have developed a chip-scale ultrafast laser that performs on par with traditional tabletop femtosecond lasers. The innovation could make advanced laser technologies far smaller, cheaper, and more accessible for applications ranging from medical diagnostics to atomic clocks. - Share: For decades, ultrafast lasers...
Measurement of reactor neutrino oscillation with the first JUNO data
Abstract Neutrino oscillations (see refs. 1,2 and references therein), a quantum effect manifesting at macroscopic scales, are governed by lepton flavour mixing angles and neutrino mass-squared differences3 that are fundamental parameters of particle physics, representing phenomena beyond the Standard Model. Precision measurements of these parameters are essential for testing the completeness of the three-flavour framework, determining the mass ordering of neutrinos and probing possible new...