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Lignin to adipic acid in a high-yield chemical and biological redox process

Abstract Viable manufacturing pathways to produce bio-based chemicals from renewable feedstocks, such as lignin derived from plant biomass, are needed to decarbonize the chemicals manufacturing sector. Converting the recalcitrant lignin polymer to valuable bioproducts remains a longstanding challenge in biorefining, with the highest reported single-product yield from lignin currently around 20 wt% (refs. Most existing lignin depolymerization strategies target aryl–ether bond cleavage, which...

Nature 17h ago

Programmable chemistry unlocks drugs only in target cells, aiming to cut side effects

Programmable chemistry unlocks drugs only in target cells, aiming to cut side effects Gaby Clark Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor Potent drugs like chemotherapy can be life-saving, but often with life-threatening side effects. Notably, they can be indiscriminate, killing both cancer cells and healthy cells in one swoop. Increasing a drug's on-target efficiency can reduce side effects and enable healthier outcomes for patients.

Phys.org 6d ago

Synthesized peptides can slip into cells to block hard-to-target protein interactions

Synthesized peptides can slip into cells to block hard-to-target protein interactions Sadie Harley Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor Many diseases are driven by proteins interacting with each other inside cells. But blocking these interactions with drugs is difficult because typical "small-molecule" drugs often prove to be too small to grip the broad, flat surfaces involved in protein-protein interactions. On the other hand, peptides—short chains of amino acids—can cover larger...

Phys.org 9d ago

Beans use an immune receptor to call in airstrikes on caterpillars

For decades, scientists have understood that plants can release volatile organic compounds—essentially airborne chemical signals—to attract the natural enemies of the things that eat them, like caterpillars. What we didn’t know was exactly how a plant translates the physical act of being eaten into a specific, predator-summoning distress signal. “[One] thing we didn’t know is how the plant detects the caterpillar in the first place,” says Adam Steinbrenner, a biologist at the University of...

Ars Technica 7d ago

Beans use an immune receptor to call in airstrikes on caterpillars

For decades, scientists have understood that plants can release volatile organic compounds—essentially airborne chemical signals—to attract the natural enemies of the things that eat them, like caterpillars. What we didn’t know was exactly how a plant translates the physical act of being eaten into a specific, predator-summoning distress signal. “[One] thing we didn’t know is how the plant detects the caterpillar in the first place,” says Adam Steinbrenner, a biologist at the University of...

Ars Technica Science 7d ago

Some drugs 'fail' because of unrealistic testing conditions, scientists discover

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Phys.org 1d ago

Meet the Harvard grad and goalie who might lead the U.S. to World Cup glory

When Matt Freese was about 10 years old, he set out to solve a problem that existed entirely in his own head. He wanted to be a soccer goalie, but there was another boy his age in the area who was considered better. “He could dive and just fully get airborne,” Freese said.

NBC News 8d ago

Icy moons' ability to host life could be revealed through an ecology-based method

Icy moons' ability to host life could be revealed through an ecology-based method Sadie Harley Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor New observatories and spacecraft missions are probing environments in our solar system that could potentially host life but have long remained hidden. Icy moons like Saturn's Enceladus and Jupiter's Europa likely contain oceans beneath frozen outer shells. But a layer of ice prohibits space probes from sampling them directly.

Phys.org 8d ago

Bridged or not? Scientists uncover a key step in hydrogenase assembly

June 1, 2026 dialog Bridged or not? Scientists uncover a key step in hydrogenase assembly Lisa Lock Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor How does nature build one of the most sophisticated catalytic metal centers found in biology? An international team of researchers has now resolved a long-standing debate surrounding the assembly of the active site of [FeFe]-hydrogenases—enzymes that rank among nature's most efficient catalysts for hydrogen production and consumption.

Phys.org 8d ago

Nanomagnets control diamond qubits, pointing to more scalable quantum hardware

Nanomagnets control diamond qubits, pointing to more scalable quantum hardware Gaby Clark Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor Quantum computing, once only a theoretical possibility, promises to deliver faster, more energy-efficient computers—but only if scientists can build and scale the hardware needed to run the machines. New research from Virginia Commonwealth University brings scientists one small step closer to quantum computing at a practical scale, which could help...

Phys.org 6d ago