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Cuts to US ocean programme will hinder monitoring of El Niño and AMOC
In the winter of 2013-2014, the strong winds of the jet stream shifted north, allowing a mass of warm water dubbed “the blob” to swell across more than 1500 kilometres of the north Pacific Ocean. Floating instruments moored to the seabed off Alaska, Washington and Oregon alerted scientists and the fishing industry to the arrival of this water, which was up to 4°C hotter than normal. They were part of the Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI), five mooring arrays off the US west and east...
Machine Learning (ML)-Physics Fusion Model Outperforms Both Physics-Only and ML-Only Models in Typhoon Predictions
Announce Type: replace Abstract: Data-driven machine learning (ML) models, such as FuXi, exhibit notable limitations in forecasting typhoon intensity and structure. This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of FuXi-SHTM, a hybrid ML-physics model, using all 2024 western North Pacific typhoon cases. The FuXi-SHTM hybrid demonstrates clear improvements in both track and intensity forecasts compared to the standalone SHTM, FuXi, and ECMWF HRES models.
Atmospheric rivers over Japan intensify 8% in 42 years, raising flood risk
Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are long, narrow bands of intense water vapor transport that move large amounts of moisture from low to midlatitudes, resembling giant rivers in the sky. They are gaining widespread attention because of their potential to trigger flooding across the Japanese archipelago. Researchers at the University of Tsukuba have discovered that, influenced by global warming and the strengthening of the North Pacific Subtropical High, the intensity of water vapor transport in ARs...
Machine learning uncovers 1,750 quakes tracing 250-kilometer edge of Alaska microplate
Machine learning uncovers 1,750 quakes tracing 250-kilometer edge of Alaska microplate Andrew Zinin Lead Editor Thousands of small earthquakes, detected for the first time by a machine-learning process, reveal the distinct, razor-sharp edge of the Yakutat microplate as it subducts beneath the North American plate. The Yakutat oceanic plateau is caught in the middle of a tectonic traffic jam with the Pacific plate as it subducts beneath the North American plate. The position and structure of...
North Atlantic spring storms have grown more common since 1940, analysis reveals
North Atlantic spring storms have grown more common since 1940, analysis reveals Sadie Harley Scientific Editor Andrew Zinin Lead Editor Storm Dave, which swept across northern Europe over the Easter weekend, is an example of what new research from the University of Gothenburg has revealed. Spring storms forming over the North Atlantic have become more common than they were 80 years ago, and this is due to climate change. In the Northern Hemisphere, storm seasons follow a seasonal cycle.
August 2026 lunar eclipse: Everything you need to know about the 96% 'blood moon'
August 2026 lunar eclipse: Everything you need to know about the 96% 'blood moon' A deep partial lunar eclipse on August 27-28, 2026, will be visible in North America and will be the best lunar eclipse anywhere on Earth until New Year's Eve 2028. On Aug. 27-28, 2026, a very deep partial lunar eclipse will be visible from Europe, Africa, North America and South America, with just over 96% of the moon passing into Earth's shadow. Lunar eclipses happen when Earth is between the sun and a full moon.
North Korea needs China for survival: Why does Beijing need Pyongyang?
North Korea needs China for survival: Why does Beijing need Pyongyang? Chinese President Xi Jinping visits North Korea as Beijing aims to boost ties amid Pyongyang’s growing relations with Russia. China’s President Xi Jinping has arrived in Pyongyang on his first overseas trip this year as he aims to boost ties with North Korea, a reclusive nuclear-armed nation opposed to US military expansion in the Asia Pacific region.
Study reveals north–south differences in water isotopes across North America during the last deglaciation
Study reveals north–south differences in water isotopes across North America during the last deglaciation Stephanie Baum Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor The last deglaciation (between 11,000 and 20,000 years ago) was a period of dramatic natural warming on Earth. During this time, North America experienced the most extensive ice-sheet melting on the planet, which profoundly reshaped its climate and water cycle. But when scientists look at oxygen isotopes in stalagmites—a key...
Distant climate patterns determine how cold Japan's winters become
Distant climate patterns determine how cold Japan's winters become Gaby Clark Scientific Editor Andrew Zinin Lead Editor Researchers have uncovered a key mechanism behind Japan's extreme winter weather, revealing how distant climate patterns interact to intensify cold waves and heavy snowfall. Extreme weather events—such as cold waves, heavy snowfall and anomalously warm periods—are ubiquitous during Japanese winters. These events are closely associated with shifts in the subtropical jet...
A 'supereruption' transformed NZ 350,000 years ago—we now know how it happened
A 'supereruption' transformed NZ 350,000 years ago—we now know how it happened Lisa Lock Scientific Editor Andrew Zinin Lead Editor Some 350,000 years ago, the center of New Zealand's North Island appeared much different than the mountainous, scrub-covered landscape it is today. Amid a glacial period, temperatures were colder and conditions harsher.