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The mathematical landscape of partial information decomposition: A comprehensive review of properties and measures

arXiv:2603.06678v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Partial Information Decomposition (PID) has become one of the most prominent information-theoretic frameworks for describing the structure and quality of information in complex systems. Despite its widespread utility, there exists no unique solution constraining precisely how a PID should be constructed, leading to a multiverse of different formalisms with different mathematical commitments. In this work, we provide a comprehensive overview...

arXiv CS 8d ago

Metric Facility Assignment with Partial Information

Announce Type: new Abstract: We study an assignment problem where a set of agents and a set of facilities lie on a line metric. The goal is to compute an assignment of agents to facilities to approximately minimize the social cost (the total distance of agents from their assigned facilities) given only partial information regarding the metric. Unlike previous work which focused solely on algorithms with access to the ordinal preferences of the agents over the facilities (ORD), we also...

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Used Car Salesbots? Honesty and Credulity of LLMs as Bargaining Agents under Partial Information

arXiv:2605.31445v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In this work we study agents in simulated bargaining scenarios, where a buyer and a seller communicate through a text channel and attempt to negotiate mutually beneficial trades, under different information regimes (complete information, information asymmetry or mutual uncertainty). We evaluate their performance w.r.t. game-theoretical solutions and further investigate their honesty (their tendency to disclose or withhold information or to...

arXiv CS 9d ago

On the training of physics-informed neural operators for solving parametric partial differential equations

Announce Type: cross Abstract: Physics-informed neural operators (PINOs) aim to learn solution operators for partial differential equations by using the governing physics as supervision, rather than relying solely on paired input-output simulation data. By incorporating physical constraints into the training objective, PINOs combine the cross-instance generalization of neural operators with the data efficiency of physics-informed learning. Despite this promise, how to train PINOs efficiently...

arXiv Physics 5d ago

On the training of physics-informed neural operators for solving parametric partial differential equations

Announce Type: new Abstract: Physics-informed neural operators (PINOs) aim to learn solution operators for partial differential equations by using the governing physics as supervision, rather than relying solely on paired input-output simulation data. By incorporating physical constraints into the training objective, PINOs combine the cross-instance generalization of neural operators with the data efficiency of physics-informed learning. Despite this promise, how to train PINOs efficiently...

arXiv CS 5d ago

Knowledge-Informed Kernel State Reconstruction from Heterogeneous Partial Observations

arXiv:2601.22328v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Real-world scientific systems are rarely observed through complete, regularly sampled state trajectories. Instead, measurements are often partial, noisy, and heterogeneous, providing fragmented views of latent dynamical states. We introduce MAAT (Model Aware Approximation of Trajectories), a framework for knowledge-informed Kernel State Reconstruction in partially observed dynamical systems.

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GuardNet: Ensemble Strategies of Shallow Neural Networks for Robust Prompt Injection and Jailbreak Detection

arXiv:2606.05566v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing, but they remain vulnerable to Prompt Injection (PI) and Jailbreak (JB) attacks. In addition, benchmark evaluations may be affected by contamination and partial information leakage, compromising performance estimates.

arXiv CS 5d ago

Quantifying Spacetime Integration across a Partition with Synergy

Announce Type: replace Abstract: In service to the mathematical underpinnings of the Information Integration Theory of Consciousness (IIT), we introduce four measures of integration based on the partial information decomposition framework. We compare our measures to current IIT practice in simple deterministic networks.

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CA-BED: Conversation-Aware Bayesian Experimental Design

new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at static reasoning tasks, yet their performance often degrades in interactive scenarios where information must be actively acquired through questioning. A key challenge lies in selecting questions that reduce uncertainty while incorporating responses that may be ambiguous or only partially informative. To address this, we propose Conversation-Aware Bayesian Experimental Design (CA-BED), an inference-time probabilistic dialog planning...

arXiv CS 8d ago

Testing Decision Makers without Counterfactuals

Announce Type: new Abstract: A decision-maker (DM) repeatedly makes choices under uncertainty in a bandit environment, where only the realization of the chosen arm is observed. Another competing agent, the adviser (AD), repeatedly provides recommendations, but the realizations of these recommendations are unobserved unless they coincide with the DM's choice. Both agents possess partial information about the arms' realizations.

arXiv CS 8d ago