Process Reward Model
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Related Articles from SNS
Controllable and Verifiable Process Data Synthesis for Process Reward Models
Announce Type: replace Abstract: Process reward models (PRMs) rely on high-quality process supervision data, yet existing construction methods often provide limited control over error location, error type, and trajectory consistency. We propose a controllable and verifiable framework for synthesizing process supervision data for PRMs. Our framework first constructs a correct symbolic reasoning chain, injects a template-aware error into an intermediate step, recomputes subsequent steps under...
The Hidden Bias of Process Reward Models:PRISM for Rewarding the Right Reasoning
arXiv:2606.09078v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Process Reward Models (PRMs) improve credit assignment for reasoning by providing step-level feedback. However, we identify a hidden bias in PRMs caused by severe imbalance in step-level training data.
SCI-PRM: A Tool Aware Process Reward Model for Scientific Reasoning Verification
Announce Type: new Abstract: While Process Reward Models (PRMs) have achieved remarkable success in mathematical reasoning, their application in complex scientific domains-such as biology, chemistry, and physics remains largely unexplored. Scientific problems demand not only logical rigor but also factual consistency and the precise usage of domain-specific tools, areas where current models often suffer from hallucinations and lack of verification. In this paper, we first construct...
VRPRM: Process Reward Modeling via Visual Reasoning
arXiv:2508.03556v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Process Reward Model (PRM) is widely used in the post-training of Large Language Model (LLM) because it can perform fine-grained evaluation of the reasoning steps of generated content. However, most PRMs lack long-term reasoning and deep thinking capabilities. On the other hand, although a few works have tried to introduce Chain-of-Thought (CoT) capability into PRMs, the annotation cost of CoT-PRM data is too expensive to play a stable role...
Mitigating Reward Hacking in RLHF via Bayesian Non-negative Reward Modeling
arXiv:2602.10623v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reward models learned from human preferences are central to aligning large language models (LLMs) via reinforcement learning from human feedback, yet they are often vulnerable to reward hacking due to noisy annotations and systematic biases such as response length or style. We propose Bayesian Non-Negative Reward Model (BNRM), a principled reward modeling framework that integrates non-negative factor analysis into Bradley-Terry (BT)...
Expected Value Alignment for Generative Reward Modeling in Formal Mathematics Verification
new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used with formal interactive theorem provers such as Lean 4. Scaling these systems with reinforcement learning or search methods requires process reward models (PRMs) that can evaluate intermediate reasoning steps. Existing reward-model designs expose a practical trade-off.
StepPRM-RTL: Stepwise Process-Reward Guided LLM Fine-Tuning for Enhanced RTL Synthesis
Announce Type: new Abstract: Automatic generation of RTL code for digital hardware designs remains challenging due to long-horizon reasoning, multi-step dependencies, and strict correctness constraints in Verilog and VHDL. We present StepPRM-RTL, a novel framework that combines stepwise trajectory modeling, process-reward modeling (PRM), and retrieval-augmented fine-tuning (RAFT) to enhance both the functional correctness and reasoning fidelity of LLM-based RTL code generation. StepPRM-RTL...
StainFlow: Entity-Stain Tracking and Evidence Linking for Process Rewards in GUI Agents
arXiv:2606.07027v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement Learning (RL) has become a promising approach for improving GUI Agents in long-horizon, stochastic digital environments, but trajectory-level success feedback is too sparse to provide reliable credit assignment for intermediate exploration steps. To mitigate this issue, recent studies introduce Process Reward Models (PRMs), which provide finer-grained training feedback through global milestone verification or local step-level...
Process Reward Agents for Steering Knowledge-Intensive Reasoning
arXiv:2604.09482v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reasoning in knowledge-intensive domains remains challenging as intermediate steps are often not locally verifiable: unlike math or code, evaluating step correctness may require synthesizing clues across large external knowledge sources. As a result, subtle errors can propagate through reasoning traces, potentially never to be detected. Prior work has proposed process reward models (PRMs), including retrieval-augmented variants, but these...
Are we really tilting? The mechanics of reward guidance in flow and diffusion models
Announce Type: new Abstract: Reward guidance algorithms steer a learned generative process toward the reward-tilted measure at inference time. While empirically powerful, these methods are prone to reward hacking: the guided model over-optimizes the reward at the cost of fidelity to the learned distribution. Prior work has attributed this to the complexity of neural reward functions or implicit biases in diffusion training, but its fundamental origins remain poorly understood.