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From "Weak" Signals to Strong Models: Preference Delta Aggregation with LoRA Merging

arXiv:2606.00357v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Training strong large language models (LLMs) requires high-quality supervision, which is often scarce. Recent work shows that paired preference data from weak-weaker model pairs (e.g., Qwen3 4B over 1.7B), despite the limited quality of individual responses, can provide an effective supervision signal through relative quality deltas, which we term a "weak" signal. This motivates a key research question: can multiple "weak" signals be...

arXiv CS 2d ago

When Built-in Thinking Helps and Hurts: Constraint-Level Error Shifts in Instruction Following

arXiv:2606.09662v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large reasoning models (LRMs) often improve math and coding performance, but their effect on instruction following is unclear. We study IFEval with Qwen3 models (1.7B-32B), using same-weights Thinking ON/OFF controls; four Hunyuan models provide directional cross-family support. Aggregate pass-rate changes are small (-0.55 to -3.52 pp), yet 10-20% of prompts switch between pass and fail across modes, suggesting that thinking changes the pattern...

arXiv CS 1d ago

Task-Vector Arithmetic for Emotional Expressivity Control in Language-Model-Based Text-to-Speech

arXiv:2606.05367v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: We investigate whether task-vector arithmetic, successful for cross-speaker emotional intensity control in modular text-to-speech (TTS), transfers to large-scale TTS systems built on language-model backbones with in-context learning (LM-TTS). Through a systematic elimination study over four progressively narrower operands on Qwen3-TTS-12Hz-1.7B - model weights via LoRA fine-tuning, continuous codec embeddings, discrete codec tokens, and the...

arXiv CS 5d ago

Improving Small Language Models for Code Generation with Reinforcement Learning from Verification Feedback

arXiv:2605.30478v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) trains language models using programmatically checkable signals such as unit-test outcomes, enabling direct optimization for functional correctness in code generation. We conduct an empirical study of RLVR for Python code generation on the MBPP benchmark using two small models (Qwen3-0.6B and Llama3.2-1B) with LoRA fine-tuning. Across multiple reward formulations such as: unit-test-only...

arXiv CS 9d ago

When Does Complexity Conditioning Help a Frozen Sentence Embedding? A Controlled Study of Per-Sentence and Pair-Level Difficulty Adaptation

Announce Type: new Abstract: A common intuition is that sentence embeddings should adapt to the difficulty of the input. We test this intuition in a controlled, multi-seed setting: a lightweight post-encoder adapter attaches to a frozen Qwen3-Embedding-0.6B encoder, accessing only its final pooled embedding, and is evaluated on four paraphrase and semantic-similarity tasks (PAWS, MRPC, QQP, STS-B). The naive form of the idea fails: surface-based per-sentence complexity is nearly uncorrelated...

arXiv CS 7d ago

Temporal Preference Concepts and their Functions in a Large Language Model

Announce Type: new Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being deployed to make decisions that require trading off near-term gains against long-term consequences, yet little is known about how they internally represent or resolve these tradeoffs. In this work, we causally localize an underlying subgraph for temporal preference in a distilled LLM (Qwen3-4B-Instruct-2507), identifying mid-to-upper-layer nodes through converging evidence from gradient-based attribution and...

arXiv CS 5d ago

Linear Probes Detect Task Format, Not Reasoning Mode in Language Model Hidden States

arXiv:2606.02907v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Linear probing of large language model (LLM) hidden states is widely used to claim that models learn distinct representations for different reasoning types. We test this by probing Qwen3-14B on three benchmarks spanning the classical trichotomy: LogiQA 2.0 (deductive), ARC-Challenge (inductive), and $\alpha$NLI (abductive). At layer 32 of 40, linear probes achieve 100\% cross-validated accuracy with well-separated geometry (intrinsic...

arXiv CS 7d ago

Emotion-Aware Image Generation from Korean Diary Text via LLM-based Prompt Translation and LoRA Fine-Tuning

Announce Type: new Abstract: T2I models cannot effectively capture sentiment from various types of text, including diaries, as they primarily focus on visual object-related patterns rather than contextual emotional understanding. This paper proposes an emotion-aware text-to-image pipeline that generates children's hand drawing style images from short Korean diary entries. The proposed pipeline employs Qwen3-8B for recognising implicit sentiment from short diaries, and Stable Diffusion 3.5...

arXiv CS 5d ago

When Should the Teacher Move? Temporal Coupling and Stability in Self On-Policy Distillation

Announce Type: new Abstract: Self on-policy distillation trains a student policy against a teacher derived from its own parameter history, yet the teacher's update schedule -- which governs the \emph{temporal coupling} between teacher and student -- has not been systematically studied as a stability variable. Through a controlled schedule sweep on Qwen3-8B, we establish that \emph{isolation periods}, defined as complete teacher freezing between updates, are the key structural property...

arXiv CS 7d ago

Video-Rate Streaming Stylization on a Vision-Aware MLLM-Conditioned Edit Diffusion: Asymmetric Batched Inference on a Distilled UNet + MLLM Text Encoder

Announce Type: new Abstract: Aggressive distillation of the diffusion U-Net inverts the per-frame bottleneck of real-time text-to-image pipelines: once the denoiser is a 4-step or 1-step distilled student, the text encoder becomes the critical path. This inversion is most acute in vision-aware edit diffusion, where the encoder is a multimodal large language model (MLLM). We study the case of a 0.39B distilled edit U-Net paired with a 2.13B MLLM text encoder (Qwen3-VL) and present a streaming...

arXiv CS 5d ago