SERINE
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Related Articles from SNS
Genetic basis of glycine and L-serine toxicity in Staphylococcus aureus and the case for glycine as an antibiotic adjuvant
The toxicity of the amino acids glycine and L-serine at high concentrations in bacteria was discovered decades ago. In this work, we used deep transposon insertion sequencing (Tn-seq) experiments to determine the genes necessary to tolerate excess L-serine, diglycine or glycine in the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. Our results indicate that intracellular accumulation of specific counterbalancing amino acids--such as alanine in excess glycine--is the primary mechanism of resistance to...
Reduced Myocardial Serine Synthesis Impairs Functional, Metabolic, and Redox Adaptations to Cardiac Stress
Background: Impaired myocardial metabolism is a defining feature of heart failure, but many defective pathways and mechanisms remain to be identified. Prior studies find phosphoglycerate kinase and its synthesized product 3-phospho-glycerate required for the serine synthetic pathway (SSP) are reduced in human HFpEF myocardium. As serine is also provided exogenously, the impact of SSP reduction is uncertain.
Phosphorylation-dependent regulation of Hsp70 chaperones stimulates client recruitment
Molecular chaperones of the Hsp70 family play essential roles in maintaining proteostasis, particularly under conditions of cellular stress. Posttranslational modifications of Hsp70, collectively termed the chaperone code, are emerging as critical regulators of chaperone function, yet their mechanistic contributions remain incompletely understood. Here, we investigate the functional significance of a conserved phosphorylation site in Hsp70, corresponding to serine 326 in yeast Ssa1 and...
Scientists discover hidden driver of aging — Simple supplement reversed brain decline
A newly identified brain protein may play a major role in how the body ages. Researchers discovered that declining levels of Menin in the hypothalamus triggered inflammation, memory problems, bone loss, and other aging-related changes in mice. Restoring Menin reversed several of these effects, while a simple amino acid supplement called D-serine boosted cognition.
RNA-guided transposon mechanics show use of figure-eight intermediate and direct-transfer route
RNA-guided transposon mechanics show use of figure-eight intermediate and direct-transfer route Gaby Clark Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor IS110 transposons are a large, diverse family of bacterial insertion sequences (IS elements)—small, mobile DNA elements that can move from one genomic location to another. They have recently attracted broad interest due to the finding that some of these transposons use a bridge RNA (bRNA) to recognize both donor DNA and target DNA. Upon...
Elevated temperature drives the biosynthesis of novel acylated glucosinolates in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds
Glucosinolates (GSLs) are major defensive compounds massively accumulated in Brassicaceae seeds, including that of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. While most studies have focused on the role of GSL in responses to biotic stress, the potential regulation and function of GSLs in responses to abiotic stresses have been neglected, particularly in seeds. In this study, multi-omic analyses revealed a previously uncharacterized GSL modification pathway induced by elevated temperature (ET)...
α-Synuclein and γ-Tubulin Cooperatively Regulate Activity-Evoked Presynaptic Microtubule Nucleation to Gate Dopamine Release
alpha-Synuclein has long been implicated in the regulation of synaptic activity, but the molecular basis that underlies this function has been elusive. Here, we identify a microtubule (MT)-dependent mechanism through which alpha-synuclein regulates synaptic dopamine release. Using live imaging of cultured dopaminergic neurons, we visualize dynamic MTs at individual presynaptic boutons and show that neuronal activity triggers local gamma-tubulin-dependent MT nucleation.
Lignin to adipic acid in a high-yield chemical and biological redox process
Abstract Viable manufacturing pathways to produce bio-based chemicals from renewable feedstocks, such as lignin derived from plant biomass, are needed to decarbonize the chemicals manufacturing sector. Converting the recalcitrant lignin polymer to valuable bioproducts remains a longstanding challenge in biorefining, with the highest reported single-product yield from lignin currently around 20 wt% (refs. Most existing lignin depolymerization strategies target aryl–ether bond cleavage, which...
SIRT7 regulates dosage compensation and safeguards the female X chromosome
Abstract Sirtuins are deacetylases implicated in stress responses and longevity in mammals1,2. Although their differential impact on disease for the two sexes has been noted3,4,5,6,7, the underlying reasons are unclear. Here, using Sirt7 as a model in mice, we examine the mechanisms leading to sex differences and find that Sirt7−/− female mice have decreased fitness throughout their lifespan.
Variable zinc concentrations among commercially available Mueller-Hinton Broth brands affects SIR interpretations during broth microdilution in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing with the novel metallo-beta-lactamase inhibitor APC148
The well-known discrepancy between the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of {beta}-lactam antibiotics in metallo-{beta}-lactamase (MBL) containing Gram-negative bacteria has during recent years been found to be at least partially explained by zinc levels at infection sites being much lower than those found in conventional cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton Broth (caMHB) media used for in vitro susceptibility testing. Previous studies have also demonstrated that a high variability exists with respect...