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Related Articles from SNS
Vesicular pseudopodia define the fusion site on large secretory vesicles of the Drosophila salivary glands
Large secretory vesicles (LSVs) pose a scaling problem for regulated exocytosis. Their micron-scale dimensions greatly increase the vesicular membrane surface area, making productive engagement between the vesicular and target membrane fusion machinery unlikely. Here, we show that vesicular pseudopodia define the fusion sites of LSVs in Drosophila larval salivary glands.
A novel tumor-targeted interferon-α/-β receptor 1 antagonist increases replication of oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus in a mouse mesothelioma model
Type I Interferons (IFN-I) are cytokines with pleiotropic activities involved in antiviral and antitumor immune responses. They can reduce oncolytic virus replication in tumor cells by inducing expression of interferon stimulated genes (ISG) with antiviral functions. To specifically neutralize the IFN-/-{beta} receptor (IFNAR) on specific cell types, we created novel IFNAR1-targeted antagonists constituted of a high-affinity nanobody targeting a specific cell surface marker conjugated to a...
Multiplexed dopamine neurons predominate in the ventral midbrain of young macaques
Dopamine (DA) is important in many fundamental behaviors, including positive and negative reinforcement, incentive salience, and decision-making. This behavioral diversity is now known to be due, in part, to neurotransmitter diversity, based on rodent models. To address DA neuron transmitter properties in higher species, we examined the ventral midbrain in 5 young macaques (3 male, 2 females, 3-6 years) using RNAscope in situ hybridization for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), vesicular glutamate...
Finding the Goldilocks zone: Modulating glycoprotein cleavage and fusogenicity optimizes the efficacy of a candidate Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus vaccine
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is the etiologic agent of a lethal hemorrhagic disease spread by ticks throughout Europe, the Middle East, Africa and Asia. The lack of approved medical countermeasures and fundamental understanding of molecular mechanisms of viral assembly and egress have thus far curtailed disease prevention. Here, we identify and characterize key residues within the viral glycoprotein through forward and reverse genetics for vesicular stomatitis virus...
A nanoscale atlas of extracellular vesicles and particles in Drosophila olfactory sensilla
Extracellular particles, including non-vesicular extracellular particles (NVEPs) and extracellular vesicles (EVs), are emerging as key contributors to sensory signaling, yet their ultrastructural organization within native tissues remains underexplored. Native tissues preserve extracellular particle organization and heterogeneity that are often lost during dissociation. Using cryofixation-based serial block-face scanning electron microscopy, we generated a nanoscale atlas of NVEPs and EVs...
Rab8a-positive vesicles transport Wnt8a along cytonemes in zebrafish embryogenesis.
Wnt signalling is a conserved pathway that orchestrates key developmental processes by regulating cell fate, proliferation, and tissue organisation. While the production and secretion of Wnt ligands are well characterised, less is known about how lipid-modified Wnts are delivered for long-range communication. Recently, cytonemes - actin-based signalling filopodia - have been identified as transporters of Wnts over distances to target specific cells in embryogenesis.
Symptom Dimension-Specific Neurotransmitter Correlates of Psychopathology and Cognition in Early Psychosis
Extended duration of under-treated psychosis (DUP) is among the strongest predictors of poor outcome, yet diagnostic heterogeneity impedes treatment matching, with approximately 50% of patients failing to respond to first-line antipsychotics. Negative symptoms and cognitive impairment are particularly refractory, lacking effective pharmacological treatments. Identifying neurotransmitter systems associated with specific symptom dimensions could accelerate targeted therapeutic development and...
3 new Ebola vaccines are being fast-tracked amid the current outbreak — when could they be ready?
3 new Ebola vaccines are being fast-tracked amid the current outbreak — when could they be ready? The Bundibugyo virus driving the current Ebola outbreak has no approved vaccine, but researchers are leveraging decades of vaccine innovation in an effort to change that. The Ebola outbreak in Central Africa was declared a public health emergency of international concern in May, and since then, over 900 suspected cases and 200 deaths have been reported in the Democratic Republic of the Congo...