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Redesigning an elusive bacterial enzyme into an efficient green catalyst

Redesigning an elusive bacterial enzyme into an efficient green catalyst Sadie Harley Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor Industrial oxidation chemistry is a cornerstone of modern manufacturing, accounting for nearly one-third of all chemical industrial processes. While essential for making pharmaceuticals, dyes, and many specialty chemicals, industrial oxidation typically relies on high-temperature, high-pressure processes involving toxic oxidizing agents. This has motivated...

Phys.org 7d ago

Q&A: Most biology education guidelines lack any connection to society, researchers explain why that's a problem

Q&A: Most biology education guidelines lack any connection to society, researchers explain why that's a problem Sadie Harley Scientific Editor Andrew Zinin Lead Editor Is it a doctor's job to get the best outcomes for their patients or to tell the truth? What happens when these two things are not aligned? These are questions that University of Washington students have to wrangle with in Biol 180: Introductory Biology.

Phys.org 8d ago

Medieval pandemic left a hidden legacy in Europe's oldest trees

Medieval pandemic left a hidden legacy in Europe's oldest trees Lisa Lock Scientific Editor Andrew Zinin Lead Editor A new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences demonstrates how radiocarbon dating can reveal the maximum lifespan of Mediterranean hardwoods, uncovering hidden links between human history and long-term ecosystem dynamics. By analyzing mature and ancient oak trees across Italy, researchers found that a millennium of age is attainable from the...

Phys.org 3d ago

Whole-genome duplication shaped cell-type evolution in the vertebrate brain

Abstract The complex brains of vertebrates have more cell types than those of their closest relatives. Whole-genome duplications (WGDs) occurred during early vertebrate evolution1, but it is unclear whether the duplicated genes (ohnologues) facilitated cell-type evolution. Here using brain single-cell transcriptomes from five chordates—human2, mouse3, lizard4, lamprey5 and amphioxus—we report that many cell-type families with conserved core transcription factors in vertebrates do not show...

Nature 17h ago

Fast-moving droplets synthesize key drug compounds at room temperature, no catalysts needed

Fast-moving droplets synthesize key drug compounds at room temperature, no catalysts needed Lisa Lock Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor Chemical reactions are the backbone to nearly all biological processes, including those used to make new medicines. However, these reactions can often take considerable time and require harsh conditions or materials—potentially inhibiting the timely development of life-changing drugs. Purdue University researcher Graham Cooks and his team at...

Phys.org 8d ago

How I use AI to turn failed drugs into new medicines

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Nature 17h ago

Biomaterial made from jackfruit latex is a promising treatment for periodontitis

Biomaterial made from jackfruit latex is a promising treatment for periodontitis Gaby Clark Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor Researchers from the Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences (FCMS) at the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP) in Sorocaba, in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil, have developed a biomaterial containing jackfruit latex, pomegranate peel extract, and simvastatin (a statin-based medication) that shows promising efficacy in...

Phys.org 7d ago

These California wildflowers could save other plants

These California wildflowers could save other plants Lisa Lock Scientific Editor Andrew Zinin Lead Editor As wildflowers go, the mountain jewelflower is demure, clever and quietly unbreakable. It has spread across many of California's iconic landscapes, from Sonoma wine country to the oak-dotted foothills, even over the Sierra Crest, where snow covers the ground during winter. "It seems at first glance like it could grow just about anywhere," said Jennifer Gremer, an associate professor in...

Phys.org 11d ago

Fluorescent nanosensor detects key gut biomarker in minutes for faster testing

Fluorescent nanosensor detects key gut biomarker in minutes for faster testing Sadie Harley Scientific Editor Robert Egan Associate Editor A research collaboration has developed a novel fluorescent nanosensor capable of rapidly detecting indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), an emerging biomarker linked to gut health and disease. The breakthrough is described in the team's paper, "Fluorescent Nanosensor for Indole-3-Propionic Acid Detection in Gut Health Monitoring," published in the journal...

Phys.org 7d ago